Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(35 minutes)

　　Passage One?

　　Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:?

　　Scientists say there has been a severe decrease in the amount of water in Lake Chad in northern Africa in the last thirty years. They report that nature and humans share equal blame for this loss.?

　　In 1963 the fresh water lake covered twenty-five-thousand-square kilometers.Now the lake is only about five percent of that size.It measures only about one-thousand-three-hundred square kilometers in the dry season. ?

　　Four nations surround Lake Chad. People in Niger, Nigeria, Chad, and Cameroon use it for water, fish and plant life.?

　　Michael Coe and Jonathan Foley are water experts at the University of Wisconsin in Madison.They reported about Lake Chad in the Journal of Geophysical Research.They say the area has suffered from a lack of heavy rain for more than thirty years.This has forced people to build systems to carry water to dry land.These irrigation systems further decrease the lake. ?

　　Mister Coe says Lake Chad will be only a small cet6w.com the future. He says people still can get water from the lake to drink and for crops. But he says the lake will no longer provide a healthy environment for fish and plant life. ?

　　The researchers used a computer to study what caused the water loss. Their computer study estimated the climate and amount of water in the area. The estimate started with the early 1960s. Then the researchers compared the estimates with the area’s recorded climate and water supply for the same period. ?

　　The computer study showed results similar to the recorded ones for the first twenty years. But there was a big change in the 1980s. At that time, the lake got smaller much faster than the computer research had estimated. ?

　　The researchers say major irrigation systems were built in the 1980s. The systems took water from two rivers that flow into Lake Chad. The Chari and Logone rivers carry most of the water that enters the lake. The study showed the increased irrigation reduced the flow in the two rivers. Climate changes also were responsible for the reduction. Today the flow of the two rivers has been reduced by almost seventy-five percent.?

　　Scientists say the problem is expected to worsen in the coming years as the population and demand for water continue to increase. ?

　　21.What is this passage mainly about??

　　A) Demonstrating the serious weather condition around Lake Chad. ?

　　B) Introducing people’s activity around Lake Chad.?

　　C) Analyzing of the factors that cause water decreases in Lake Chad.?

　　D) Introducing scientists’ work about water condition in Lake Chad.?

　　22.What did people do to solve the problem of rain lack around Chad Lake??

　　A) They moved out of this area.?

　　B) They drew water from Lake Chad.?

　　C) They carried water from other areas.?

　　D) They utilize seawater near this area.?

　　23.Which of the following is true according to this passage??

　　A) Chad Lake located in the middle of Chad in northern Africa.?

　　B) The water from Chad water can now only be used for irrigation.?

　　C) The area around Chad Lake has suffered from heavy rain lack many decades.?

　　D) Population around the Chad Lake now begins to decrease due to water lack.?

　　24.Why computer data become imprecise in 1980s? ?

　　A) The related programs on the computer were out of date. ?

　　B) More and more people drew water directly from the lake for drink. ?

　　C) A heavy rain happened around 1980. ?

　　D) The irrigation from the source water increases.?

　　25. What is scientists’ attitude towards the future of Chad Lake??

　　A) Pessimism.　　　　　B) Hopeful. ?C) Indifferent. 　D) Doubtful.?

　　內(nèi)容概要:?本文分析了北非乍得湖嚴(yán)重干枯的原因。這里既有自然因素，如缺乏降雨;也有人為因素，如抽水灌溉現(xiàn)象過于嚴(yán)重以及對水源的截取過多等.最后引用科學(xué)家的預(yù)測說乍得湖的情況將進(jìn)一步惡化下去。?

　　21.【答案】C。?

　　【譯文】本文分析導(dǎo)致乍得湖干枯的原因。?

　　【試題分析】主題題。?

　　【詳細(xì)解答】A)只是文中提及的自然因素;文中提及people’s activity只是為了說明人為因素; 介紹科學(xué)家的工作也是為了分析原因。因此A),B),D)均為錯誤答案。?

　　22.【答案】B。?

　　【譯文】生活在乍得湖區(qū)域的人們建造灌溉系統(tǒng)從湖中抽取水分來解決長期干旱問題。?

　　【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。?

　　【詳細(xì)解答】關(guān)鍵段落:“ This has forced people to build systems to carry water to dry land. These irrigation systems further decrease the lake.”可見人們采取的方式是從湖中提取水分。而A)遷移出去;C)從其他地方運(yùn)水;D)從海水中運(yùn)水文中均未提及。?

　　23.【答案】C。?

　　【譯文】乍得湖區(qū)域缺乏降雨的處境已持續(xù)幾十年了。?

　　【試題分析】客觀事實(shí)題。?

　　【詳細(xì)解答】關(guān)鍵語句：“They say the area has suffered from a lack of heavy rain for more than thirty years. ”因此C)選項(xiàng)正確。而因文中“Four nations surround Lake Chad.” A)錯誤; “He says people still can get water from the lake to drink and for crops.” B)錯誤; “Scientists say the problem is expected to worsen in the coming years as the population and demand for water continue to increase.” D)錯誤。?

　　24.【答案】D。?

　　【譯文】由于湖區(qū)的水源被抽取過多導(dǎo)致計(jì)算機(jī)數(shù)據(jù)在八十年代與實(shí)際不符。?

　　【試題分析】客觀事實(shí)題。?

　　【詳細(xì)解答】關(guān)鍵語句：“The researchers say major irrigation systems were built in the Nineteen-Eighties. The systems took water from two rivers that flow into Lake Chad. The Chari and Logone rivers carry most of the water that enters the lake. The study showed the increased irrigation reduced the flow in the two rivers. Climate changes also were responsible for the reduction. Today the flow of the two rivers has been reduced by almost seventy-five percent.”可見一方面是湖區(qū)水源抽取過多,另一方面是天氣情況變得惡劣，D)正確。A), C)在文中均未提及。B)不應(yīng)是directly,且用于drink也不妥當(dāng)。?

　　25.【答案】A。?

　　【譯文】科學(xué)家對乍得湖區(qū)的前景持不樂觀態(tài)度。?

　　【試題分析】態(tài)度判斷題。?

　　【詳細(xì)解答】關(guān)鍵語句: “Scientists say the problem is expected to worsen in the coming years as the population and demand for water continue to increase.”且從貫穿全文的語氣可以看出不抱樂觀態(tài)度。