肯定與否定題
聽(tīng)力測(cè)試題有很多對(duì)話常通過(guò)某種否定形式來(lái)表示肯定含義,或是利用肯定
形式表示否定意義。其目的是考查學(xué)生的快速反應(yīng)能力和基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)掌握的程度。
1 、常見(jiàn)的以否定形式表示肯定意義的結(jié)構(gòu)有:
cannot wait+不定式或can hardly wait+不定式(急于…,迫切希望…);
cannot與much(或too , enough , sufficiently , over ,構(gòu)成的合成詞)
連用(無(wú)論怎么也不為過(guò));cannot help doing (禁不住做…);cannot
but do(不得不,必然);cannot help but do(不得不);have no choice/
alternative but to do (除做…外別無(wú)選擇,非做…不可);nothing but
(只有,只不過(guò))
;另外,還可以通過(guò)各種比較結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示肯定含義,最常用的有:nothing
less than (和…一模一樣,完全是);more A than B (與其說(shuō)是B ,不如說(shuō)
是A 或是A 而不是B );less A than B (與其說(shuō)是A ,不如說(shuō)是B 或是B 而不
是A )
;not so much A as B(是B 而不是A );A not so…as B(A 比B …),
表達(dá)的正好是原結(jié)構(gòu)中形容詞或副詞的反義。
2 、常見(jiàn)的以肯定表示否定的意義的有:
anything but(根本不);used to (過(guò)去常常,是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情況的否定,
說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在已不這樣做);too …to…(太…以致不…,這一結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式表示否
定意義);prefer…to…(該短語(yǔ)否定的是介詞短語(yǔ)部分,表示“不喜歡或不會(huì)
做”等);would rather…than(寧愿…而不,這一結(jié)構(gòu)否定的是than后的動(dòng)詞,
would …rather than 與其用法相同。)
「例一」
A ) She is going to give up biology.
B ) She spends half of her time on biology.
C ) To her , biology is difficult , but math is not.
D ) To her , math is even more difficult than biology.
M : What do you think of biology ?
W : It ‘s given me a hard time, though it is not as difficult as
math.
Q : What can we learn about the woman?
「例二」
A ) She is eager to know what the present is.
B ) She is not anxious to know what it is.
C ) She doesn‘t now what she is asked to wait for.
D ) She really doesn ‘t care about the present.
M : What did your parents buy you for your birthday?
W : I don‘t know. But I can hardly wait to see it.
Q : What does the woman mean ?