loaded,laden
這一對詞很易引起混淆。
Loaded是動詞load的過去式和過去分詞,意為“裝載”、“裝填”。例:
We loaded the ship with coal.
我們把煤裝到船上。
The Australian rice was loaded upon a wagon.
澳洲米裝在貨車上。
The robber has loaded his gun.
該賊已將子彈裝在他的槍上。
Laden是動詞lade的過去分詞(lade已不再通用),意為“負(fù)有”、“充滿”(heavily loaded,burdened),在句中一般只用作形容詞,并常用作比喻意。例:
My mind is laden with grief.
我的心非常悲傷。
That robber is laden with guilt.
那個強盜惡貫滿盈。
The company is laden with debt.
該公司肩負(fù)重債。
值得注意的是,loaded和laden雖然來自兩個不同的動詞,但“載滿”時卻可互換使用。例如:
The tree is loaded (or laden)with fruit(樹上結(jié)滿了果子)
The ship was loaded(or laden)with cotton.(船上裝滿了棉花)
在下面有比喻義的句子中,只能用laden,不能用loaded:
The town is filled with smoke-laden air.
那市鎮(zhèn)的空氣充滿了煙霧。
A fat-laden meal is unhealthy.
脂肪過多的飯餐是不健康的。
Come to me,all who labour and are heavy laden,and I will give you rest.(The Bible)
凡勞苦擔(dān)重?fù)?dān)的人可以到我這里來,我就使你們得安息。