In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child’s language development than mothers, a new study suggests.

　　Researchers 47 92 families form 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements. Overall, it was a group of well-class families, with married parents both living in the home.

　　When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play sessions with both parents, 48 all of their speech. The study will appear in the November issue of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology.

　　The scientists measured the 49 number of utterance (話語(yǔ)) of the parents, the number of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 50 of their speech. On average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked.

　　Finally, the researchers 51 the children’s speech at age 3, using a standardized language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother’s level of education, the 52 of child care and the number of different words the father used.

　　The researchers are 53 why the father’s speech, and not the mother’s, had an effect.

　　“It’s well 54 that the mother’s language does have an impact,” said Nadya Pancsofar, the lead author of the study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had 55 had a strong influence on their children’s speech development, Ms. Pancsofar said, “or it may be that mothers are 56 in a way we didn’t measure in the study.”

　　注意：此部分試題在答題卡1上。

　　A) already B) analyzed C) aspects D) characters

　　E) contributing F) describing G) established H) quality

　　I) quoted J) recording K) recruited L) total

　　M) unconscious N) unsure O) yet

　　答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

　　47.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　K【火眼金睛】本句缺少謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句中before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，可以斷定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用過(guò)去時(shí)。根據(jù)句意，備選動(dòng)詞中recruited符合題意。此外備選詞中analyzed是強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)，但其實(shí)并不合適，因?yàn)椤把芯空邆兎治隽?2個(gè)家庭……，并且逐一詢問(wèn)了他們的收入、受教育狀況、孩子的照顧情況。”其中“分析”與“逐一詢問(wèn)”在邏輯意義上不符。

　　48.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　J【火眼金睛】空格處在with短語(yǔ)中，且應(yīng)該作賓語(yǔ)parents 的補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)為“研究人員將他們與父母雙方在家自由玩耍的情景錄制下來(lái)，并記錄他們所有的談話。”可以看出此處需填一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞，并含有“記錄”的意思，備選動(dòng)詞中recording 符合題意。

　　49.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　L【火眼金睛】空格位于the 與number之間，可知此處需填入一個(gè)形容詞作定語(yǔ)。備選形容詞中total 符合題意，意為“父母親話語(yǔ)總的數(shù)量”。

　　50.【快速解題】名詞辨義題。

　　C【火眼金睛】空格位于other 之后，可知此處需填入名詞，備選名詞只有aspects符合題意，意為“科學(xué)家們測(cè)量了父母親話語(yǔ)總的數(shù)量，使用不同詞匯的數(shù)量，他們的語(yǔ)句的復(fù)雜程度以及他們語(yǔ)言的其他方面。”

　　51.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　B【火眼金睛】空格在主語(yǔ)the researchers之后，可知此處應(yīng)填入謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。剩余的備選動(dòng)詞中analyzed 符合題意，意為“最后，當(dāng)孩子們?nèi)龤q時(shí)，研究者們對(duì)孩子進(jìn)行了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的語(yǔ)言測(cè)試，并對(duì)他們的語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行了分析�！�

　　52.【快速解題】名詞辨義題。

　　H【火眼金睛】空格處前后分別為 the 與of，可知此處需填入名詞，根據(jù)上下文可知該句意為“測(cè)試中，預(yù)測(cè)高分的指標(biāo)包括母親受教育的程度，養(yǎng)育孩子的質(zhì)量，父親使用不同詞匯的數(shù)量�！眰溥x名詞中quality 符合題意。

　　53.【快速解題】形容詞辨義題。

　　N【火眼金睛】空格位于be動(dòng)詞與why 從句之間，可知需填入形容詞或過(guò)去分詞，以構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。動(dòng)詞中的剩余詞匯，均不能使句意通順。備選形容詞中unsure可使句意通順，意為“令研究者們疑惑的是為什么父親而非母親的語(yǔ)言對(duì)孩子有影響�！�

　　54.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　G【火眼金睛】空格處在is well和that從句之間，此處需要填入過(guò)去分詞。備選動(dòng)詞中established 符合題意, 其中it is well established that…，意為“大家公認(rèn)……”。

　　55.【快速解題】副詞辨義題。

　　A【火眼金睛】本句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格處需填入一個(gè)副詞�？崭袂昂蟮膆ad并不相同，前面的had是構(gòu)成過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)的助動(dòng)詞，后面的had是短語(yǔ)have a strong influence on…，結(jié)合句意，備選副詞中already符合題意。

　　56.【快速解題】動(dòng)詞辨義題。

　　E【火眼金睛】縱觀全句，空格處應(yīng)填入現(xiàn)在分詞，與are構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意“最終對(duì)于整個(gè)學(xué)校的文化氛圍都會(huì)產(chǎn)生有益的影響”。備選動(dòng)詞中contributing符合題意, 意為“可能母親起作用的方式在研究中我們沒(méi)有測(cè)量�！�