2018年大學英語四級考試翻譯試題：文化禮儀4篇

　　第一篇

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　　民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深、源遠流長。早在2 000多年前，就產(chǎn)生了儒家學說和道家學說，以及其他很多在中國思想史上有地位的學說流派，這就是有名的“諸子百家”。從孔夫子到孫中山，民族傳統(tǒng)文化有它的很多珍貴品質。比如“天下興亡，匹夫有責”的愛國情操，“民為邦本”、“民貴君輕”的民本思想和“己所不欲，勿施于人”的行為準則。

　　參考譯文

　　The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course. More than 2 000 years ago, there emerged in China Confucianism and Taoism, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term “the Hundred Schools of Thought”. From Confucius to Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas. For example, they lay stress on. patriotism as embodied in the saying “Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country.”, the populist ideas that “People are the foundation of the country.” and that “The people are more important than the monarch” and the code of conduct of “Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you”.

　　第二篇

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　　每種文化都有自己的行為準則，中國也不例外。在中國，跟別人打招呼時，你或者點個頭，或者微微鞠個躬。握手也很常見，但你要等到中國朋友先伸手才可以。另外，與西方社會的做法截然相反，中國人不太喜歡被陌生人觸碰。所以不 要輕易地觸碰別人，除非你完全有這樣的必要。最后一點，根據(jù)儒家思想 (Confiicianism)的觀點，老人在任何情況下都應該受到年輕人的尊敬。你應該總是以老人為先，并對他們表本最大的敬意。

　　參考譯文

　　Every culture has its rules on how to act, and China is no different. In China, to greet someone, you nod your head, or you bow slightly. Handshakes are also common, but you should wait for your Chinese partner to initiate the motion. In addition, as opposed to those found in Western society, Chinese people do not enjoy being touched by strangers. Don‘t touch someone unless you absolutely have to.Finally, from the perspective of Confucianism, the elders are to be respected in every situation by those who are younger. You should always acknowledge the elders first, and show the most respect to them.

　　第三篇

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　　要了解中國文化，就應該對中國的戲曲文化有所了解。中國地方戲種類很多，其中京劇是一個具有代表性的劇種。作為一個獨立的劇種，京劇的誕生大約是在1840年至I860年。京劇是在吸收其他地方戲營養(yǎng)的基礎 上形成的。京劇有明確的角色分工;在念白上用北京方言;在音樂上以胡琴為主要伴奏樂器。由于京劇是在融 合各種地方戲之精華的基礎上形成的，所以它不僅為北京的觀眾所鐘愛，也受到全國人民的喜愛。

　　參考譯文

　　To understand the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the Chinese opera culture. In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one. As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was approximately born between 1840 and I860. Peking opera originated from absorbing the essentials of other local operas. In Peking Opera there is a clear division of roles; the spoken parts are in Beijing dialect; and huqin, is the main accompaniment instrument. Since Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country.

　　第四篇

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　　當今社會，客來敬茶已經(jīng)成為人們日常社交和家庭生活中普遍的往來禮儀。俗話說：酒滿茶半。上茶時應以右手端茶，從客人的右方奉上，并時帶微笑。當然，喝茶的客人也要以禮還禮，雙手接過，點頭致謝。品茶時，講究小口品飲，其妙趣在于意會而不可言傳。另外，可適當稱贊主人茶好。總之，敬茶是國人禮儀中待客的一種日常禮節(jié)，也是社會交往的一項內容，不僅是對客人、朋友的尊重，也能體現(xiàn)自己的修養(yǎng)(self-cultivation)。

　　參考譯文:

　　Nowadays, offering tea to guests has becomecommon etiquette in daily social interaction andfamily life. As the saying goes, white spirit, full cup; tea, half cup. Tea cup should be held on the righthand and offered to guests with a smile from theirright side. Of course,the guests should pay respect as well, taking over the cup with both hands and nodding to express his thanks. When tasting tea,you should drink it in small sips, the beauty and fun of which is beyond words. In addition, you could praise the tea of theowner appropriately. In short, offering tea is a daily ritual of Chinese people when receivingguests and it is also part of social interaction. It can not only show respect to guests andfriends, but also reflect your self-cultivation.

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