Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (長(zhǎng)壽) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鰥夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man’s life and two to a woman’s. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.

　　Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn’t smoke. There’s a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse’s death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.

　　So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.

　　A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”

　　62. William Farr’s study and other studies show that _________.

　　[A] social life provides an effective cure for illness

　　[B] being sociable helps improve one’s quality of life

　　[C] women benefit more than men from marriage

　　[D] marriage contributes a great deal to longevity

　　63. Linda Waite’s studies support the idea that _________.

　　[A] older men should quit smoking to stay healthy

　　[B] marriage can help make up for ill health

　　[C] the married are happier than the unmarried

　　[D] unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life

　　64. It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 4, Para. 2) refers to _________.

　　[A] the disadvantages of being married

　　[B] the emotional problems arising from marriage

　　[C] the responsibility of taking care of one’s family

　　[D] the consequence of a broken marriage

　　65. What does the author say about social networks?

　　[A] They have effects similar to those of a marriage.

　　[B] They help develop people’s community spirit.

　　[C] They provide timely support for those in need.

　　[D] They help relieve people of their life’s burdens.

　　66. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

　　[A] It’s important that we develop a social network when young.

　　[B] To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.

　　[C] Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.

　　[D] We should share our social networks with each other.

　　62.

　　選擇D項(xiàng)。

　　根據(jù)題目中的關(guān)鍵詞Willian Farr找到對(duì)應(yīng)的出題段落——文章第一段。根據(jù)文章第一段中the biggest longevity(長(zhǎng)壽) boost seems to come from marriage…直接可以得知D項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)“交際活動(dòng)能有效治療疾病”和B項(xiàng)“好交際能提高一個(gè)人的生活質(zhì)量”在文中找不到依據(jù)，文章的重點(diǎn)是講述交際活動(dòng)(主要是夫妻間)對(duì)于壽命的積極作用;由文中marriage could add as much as seven years to a man's life and two to a woman's可知C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。

　　63.

　　選擇B項(xiàng)。

　　由關(guān)鍵詞Linda Waite鎖定本題的出題源應(yīng)該在第二段。由第二段中的兩個(gè)例子：一是患有心臟疾病的已婚老人要比沒(méi)有相關(guān)疾病的未婚老人壽命長(zhǎng)約4年;二是一個(gè)每天要抽一包多香煙的已婚老人和一個(gè)從不吸煙的離過(guò)婚的老人壽命幾乎一樣長(zhǎng)�？梢酝茢喑鯞項(xiàng)“婚姻有助于人的身體健康�！盇項(xiàng)“為了身體健康老人應(yīng)戒煙”并不是

　　Linda Waite的研究發(fā)現(xiàn);C、D兩項(xiàng)在文中找不到依據(jù)。

　　64.

　　選擇A項(xiàng)。

　　由問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞flip side找到此題的出題源——文章第二段。flip side的字面意思是“反面，對(duì)立面”，第二段短語(yǔ)flip side前面講了兩個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明婚姻對(duì)老年人身體健康的積極意義(見(jiàn)63題解析)，后面用however一轉(zhuǎn)，又給了兩個(gè)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：一、夫妻雙方當(dāng)其中一個(gè)去世了，另一個(gè)在隨后的幾年內(nèi)很可能生病或是離世;二、一人在照顧其換有精神錯(cuò)亂疾病的配偶時(shí)可能后來(lái)也患有相同的疾病。這兩個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)顯然都是夫妻生活的負(fù)面影響，因此選擇A項(xiàng)。

　　65.

　　選擇A項(xiàng)。

　　由問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞social networks找到出題源——文章第二段最后一句。由all kinds of social networks have similar effects可推斷選擇A項(xiàng)。很顯然這里的similar effects指的是marriage’s effects。文章的第三段提到了社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)一個(gè)人的種種益處，但并未談及B、C、D三項(xiàng)所陳述的內(nèi)容。

　　66.

　　選擇B項(xiàng)。

　　題目問(wèn)的是“由最后一段能推斷出什么?”最后一段主要講的是“要想壽命長(zhǎng)就要建立社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)”。有意思的是Christakis的這句話"People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected."(人類是相互聯(lián)系的群體，他們的健康也是如此)