2017年翻譯資格考試中級口譯精選試題（8）

　　英譯中

　　Both language and culture are learned by children without special organized programs of instruction, but motivation to learn is very high since language is the most effective means for a child to obtain what he or she wants. If the learning of a new language begins before lower adolescence, one is likely to be able to speak such a language with complete naturalness, but if learned after upper adolescence some hangover of a mother-tongue feature is very likely to persist. But not only do languages exhibit such learning patterns, but so do cultural traits, for example, shaking hands, kissing, and embracing.

　　Although many persons assume that languages exist in dictionaries and grammars, in fact they only exist in people’s heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a they only exist in people’s heads. But this is equally true of cultural traits, which indicate clearly a person’s value system when crucial decisions need to be made before there is any time to think about alternatives, for example, diving into a flooding stream to rescue a drowning child.

　　【參考譯文】

　　兒童學習語言和文化，無須專門編制的教學計劃，但他們的學習積極性很高，因為他們獲得想要的東西，語言及是最有效的手段。如果一個人十來歲開始學習一門新的語言，日后他就有可能輕松自如地說這門語言。但如果到十六、七歲才學，那么他說話時多半會夾雜一些母語的痕跡。不僅語言學習呈現(xiàn)這種模式，文化特征，如握手、接吻和擁抱，也同樣如此。

　　盡管許多人認為語言存在于詞典和語法中，然而事實上語言僅存在于人們的頭腦里。文化特征亦然。在沒有時間考慮何取何舍而必須作出關鍵性決定時，如跳入泛濫的河水去救一個溺水的孩子，文化特征會清楚地表現(xiàn)出一個人的價值體系。

　　中譯英

　　中國政府在宣布實行和平統(tǒng)一的方針時，是基于一個前提，即當時的臺灣當局堅持世界上只有一個中國、臺灣是中國的一部分。同時中國政府考慮到美國政府承認了世界上只有一個中國、臺灣是中國的一部分、人民共和國政府是中國的唯一合法政府。

　　中國政府在實行和平統(tǒng)一方針的同時始終表明，以何種方式解決臺灣問題是中國的內(nèi)政，并無義務承諾放棄使用武力。

　　【參考譯文】

　　The declaration by the Chinese government to implement the policy of peaceful reunification was based on the prerequisite that the then Taiwan authorities insisted that there is only on China in the world and that Taiwan is a part of China. At the same time, the Chinese government took into consideration the fact that the US government recognized that there is only one China in the world, that Taiwan is a part of China and that the Government of the People’s Republic of China is the only legitimate government of China.

　　While implementing the policy of peaceful reunification, the Chinese government has all along made it clear that it is an internal affair of China to decide on what method to use to resolve the Taiwan issue and that we have no obligation to commit ourselves to rule out the use of force.