翻譯資格考試高級（口譯）歷年試題解析二十一
TRANSLATIONS TEST (2) (30 minutes)
Directions: Translate the following passage into English and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.
民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深，源遠(yuǎn)流長。早在 2000 多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學(xué)說和以老莊為代表的道家學(xué)說，以及其他許多也在中國思想史上有地位的學(xué)說和學(xué)派。這就是有名的諸子百家。
從孔夫子到孫中山，民族的傳統(tǒng)文化有它的許多珍品，許多人民性和民主性的好東西。比如，強(qiáng)調(diào)仁愛、強(qiáng)調(diào)群體、強(qiáng)調(diào)天下為公，特別是“天下興亡，匹夫有責(zé)”的愛國情操和吃苦耐勞、勤儉持家、尊師重教的傳統(tǒng)美德。所有這些，對家庭、對國家和社會都起到了巨大的維系和調(diào)節(jié)作用。
分析：
�、� 民族的傳統(tǒng)文化博大精深，源遠(yuǎn)流長。
譯文： The traditional Chinese culture, both extensive and profound, starts far back and runs a long, long course// long-standing and well-established.
�、� 早在 2000 多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學(xué)說和以老莊為代表的道家學(xué)說，以及其他許多也在中國思想史上有地位的學(xué)說和學(xué)派。這就是有名的諸子百家。
譯文： More than 2000 years ago there emerged in China Confucianism represented by Confucius and Mencius, Taoism, represented by Lao Zi and Zhuang Zi, and many other theories and doctrines that figured prominently in the history of Chinese thought, all being covered by the famous term, “the masters’ hundred schools.”
考點：轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：形容詞 → 動詞 有地位的 → figure prominently
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與中國歷史有關(guān)的重要人物名錄 | |
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黃帝 |
Yellow Emperor |
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大禹 |
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玄奘（唐三藏） |
Xuan Zhuang; Tripitaka |
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武則天 |
Empress Wu Zetian |
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忽必烈 ( 元世祖 , 元朝皇帝 , 成吉思汗之孫 ) |
Kublai Khan |
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成吉思汗（鐵木真） |
Genghis Khan; Temujin |
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馬可 • 波羅 |
Marco Polo |
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孫中山 |
Dr. Sun Yat-sen |
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宋慶齡 |
Mme. (Madame) Soong Ching Ling |
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蔣介石 |
Chiang Kai-shek |
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白求恩 |
Dr. Norman Bethune |
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司徒雷登 |
John Leighton |
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中國文化事件、事物 | |
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百家爭鳴 |
Hundred schools of thought contended |
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《論語》 |
Analects of Confucius |
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法家 |
School of Law / Legalism |
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《道德經(jīng)》 |
Dao De Jing (by Lao Zi) |
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陰陽五行學(xué)派 |
school of yin-yang and the five elements |
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近、現(xiàn)代史 | |
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《南京條約》 |
Treaty of Nanjing |
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太平天國 |
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom |
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小刀會 |
Little Sword Society |
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八國聯(lián)軍 |
Eight-Power Allied Forces |
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圓明園 |
Garden of Perfect Splendor |
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《天津條約》 |
Treaties of Tienstin |
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《北京條約》 |
Convention of Peking |
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《馬關(guān)條約》（現(xiàn)下關(guān)） |
Treaty of Shimonoseki |
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百日維新 |
Hundred Day’s Reform |
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義和團(tuán)運動 |
Boxers Movement |
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《辛丑條約》 |
Treaty of 1901 |
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三民主義 |
Three People’s Principles |
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民族主義 |
Nationalism |
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民權(quán)主義 |
Democracy |
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民生主義 |
People’s Livelihood |
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天下為公 |
All under heaven are equal. |
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辛亥革命 |
Revolution of 1911 |
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國民黨 |
KMT (Kuomintang) |
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新民主主義革命 |
New Democratic Revolution |
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黃埔軍校 |
Whampoa Military Academy |
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長征 |
Long March |
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“九一八”事變 |
September 18th Incident |
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南京大屠殺 |
Nanjing Massacre |
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《波茨坦公告》 |
Potsdam Proclamation |
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廣島和長崎 |
Hiroshima and Nagasaki |
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抗日戰(zhàn)爭勝利日 |
V-J Day |
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開國大典 |
grand ceremony for the founding of the PRC |
�、� 從孔夫子到孫中山，民族的傳統(tǒng)文化有它的許多珍品，許多人民性和民主性的好東西。
譯文： From Confucius to Dr. Sun Yat-sen, the traditional Chinese culture presents many precious ideas and qualities//treasures, which are essentially populist and democratic.
�、� 比如，強(qiáng)調(diào)仁愛、強(qiáng)調(diào)群體、強(qiáng)調(diào)天下為公，特別是“天下興亡，匹夫有責(zé)”的愛國情操和吃苦耐勞、勤儉持家、尊師重教的傳統(tǒng)美德。
譯文： For example, they lay stress on the importance of kindness and love in human relations, on the interest of the community, and on the idea that all under heaven are equal, especially on patriotism as embodied in the saying, “everybody is responsible for the rise and fall// fate of the country;” and bearing/suffering/enduring/undergoing/experiencing hardships and frugality in household management, and respecting teachers and valuing education.
考點：增詞譯法：增加主語：強(qiáng)調(diào) → they lay
增加名詞：強(qiáng)調(diào) … lay stress on the importance of
�、� 所有這些，對家庭、對國家和社會都起到了巨大的維系和調(diào)節(jié)作用。
譯文： All these have played a great role in binding and regulating the family, the country and the society.
