翻譯資格考試高級（口譯）歷年試題解析十二

　　2001 年 9 月考題

　　TRANSLATION TEST (1) (30 minutes)

　　Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

　　The most important fact in Washington’s failure on Thursday to be re-elected for the first time since 1947 to the U.N. Human Rights Commission is that it was American’s friends, not its enemies, that engineered the defeat. After all, China and Cuba and other targets of U.S. –led criticism in the committee were always going to vote and lobby against Washington; the shock came in the fact that the European and other Western nations that traditionally ensured U.S. re-election turned their backs on Washington.

　　Many traditional U.S. supporters clearly withdrew their votes to signal displeasure over U.S. unilateralism. They have been increasingly chagrined by Washington’s tendency to ignore the international consensus on issues ranging from the use of land mines to the Kyoto climate change treaty. They are also critical of what they see as Washington’s tendency to publicise the issue of human rights, using annual resolutions at the committee to denounce China or Cuba when that conforms to U.S. foreign policy objectives but for the same reason voting alone in defence of Israel when that country is in the dock over its conduct.

　　分析：

　�、� The most important fact in ⑵ Washington’s failure ⑴ on Thursday to be re-elected ⑸ for the first time ⑷ since 1947 ⑶ to the U.N. Human Rights Commission is ⑹ that it was American’s friends, not its enemies, that engineered the defeat.

　　譯文：本周四，美國政府未能在聯(lián)合國人權(quán)委員會(huì)中連任 / 再次當(dāng)選為聯(lián)合國人權(quán)委員會(huì)成員，遭遇自 1947 年來的首次滑鐵盧，其最重要的原因 / 其罪魁禍?zhǔn)自谟诿绹�的盟友而非宿敵�?/P>

　　考點(diǎn)：轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞 → 動(dòng)詞 failure →未能

　　轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：省略被動(dòng)詞 to be re-elected → 連任;再次當(dāng)選

　　換序譯法

　　具體譯法：比喻法： failure →滑鐵盧

　　成語法： the most important fact →罪魁禍?zhǔn)?/P>

　　engineer: arrange or cause sth, esp. by cunning or secret means 策劃;圖謀

　　eg. engineer a plot, scheme, revolt 策劃一項(xiàng)陰謀詭計(jì);策動(dòng)叛亂

　　同義詞： plan, devise, contrive, maneuver(manoeuvre), bring about, mastermind, orchestrate

　　同位語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句

　�、� After all , China and Cuba and other targets of U.S.–led criticism in the committee were always going to vote and lobby against Washington; the shock came in the fact that the European and other Western nations that traditionally ensured U.S. re-election turned their backs on Washington.

　　譯文：畢竟中國、古巴等一些在人權(quán)委員會(huì)中受到以美國為首批評 / 抨擊 / 斥責(zé)的國家，總是投票或游說反對美國政府，令人匪夷所思的是，那些一貫全力支持 / 確保美國連任的歐洲國家及其他西方國家，這次卻對美國政府說了“不”。

　　考點(diǎn)： after all: ⑴ in spite of what has been said, done or expected 畢竟;終究

　　eg. So you have come after all. 你終究還是來了!

　　⑵ it should be remembered 那是應(yīng)該記得的

　　eg. After all, he is still boy. 別忘了，他還只是個(gè)孩子。

　　lobby: lobby (sb) for/against sth: try to persuade (a politician, etc.) to support or oppose proposed legislation or an organization/government 游說

　　轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞→動(dòng)詞 criticism →批評

　　名詞→形容詞 shock →令人匪夷所思的

　　and 的翻譯：這里可以不必譯為“和”，可譯為“等”，表明包含關(guān)系。

　　were always going to=would 表示一種特殊的行為

　　抽象譯法： turn their back on →對……說不

　�、� Many traditional U.S. supporters clearly withdrew their votes to signal displeasure over U.S. unilateralism.

　　譯文：顯然，許多美國的傳統(tǒng)支持國家沒有投票支持美國，以此對美國奉行單邊主義表示不滿。

　　考點(diǎn)：換序譯法： clearly 置于句首翻譯

　　正反譯法： withdrew their votes →撤銷選票支持(正譯)

　　→沒有投票支持(反譯)

　　增詞譯法： signal displeasure over U.S. unilateralism → 對美國奉行單邊主義表示不滿

　　unilateralism: a tendency of nations to conduct their foreign affairs individualistically, characterized by minimal consultation and involvement with other nations, even their allies.

　　單邊主義：單獨(dú)行使國外事務(wù)的國家傾向，特點(diǎn)是與其他國家最小限度的磋商和牽連，甚至是盟國。

　　單方面裁軍

　　(反義詞)： multilateralism →多邊主義

　�、� ⑶ They have been increasingly chagrined by ⑵ Washington’s tendency to ignore the international consensus on issues ⑴ ranging from the use of land minesto the Kyoto climate change treaty.

　　譯文：從地雷禁用條款到京都防止氣候變暖條約等一些列問題，美國政府日益 / 總是對國際輿論置若罔聞。 // 美國政府日益對包括地雷禁用條款、京都防止氣候變暖條約等一些列問題所形成的國際輿論置若罔聞，使得這些(倒戈)國家越來越失望 / 懊惱。

　　考點(diǎn)：轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法：主被交換 be chagrined by →對……失望

　　轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：名詞→副詞 tendency →日益;總是

　　consensus: an opinion or position reached by a group as a whole or by majority will:

　　大多數(shù)意見：一個(gè)團(tuán)體作為整體或服從多數(shù)所達(dá)成的共識(shí)或立場：輿論

　　range from… to… → include

　　eg. those developing countries from China to DPRK →包括中國和朝鮮在內(nèi)的發(fā)展中國家

　　背景知識(shí)的積累： land mines, Kyoto climate change treaty

　　增詞譯法：增加背景知識(shí)： the use of land mines → 地雷禁用條款

　　the Kyoto climate change treaty → 京都防止氣候變暖條約

　　Kyoto : 京都：日本本州中西部一城市，位于大阪東北偏北。建立于 8 世紀(jì)，長期以來一直是日本的文化、藝術(shù)和宗教中心。盡管幕府將軍崛起以后( 1192 年)，京都在政治上的地位有所削弱，但從 794 年到 1869 年京都一直是日本的首都。

　　換序譯法：

　�、� ⑴ They are also critical of what they see as Washington’s tendency to publicise the issue of human rights, ⑶ using annual resolutions at the committee to denounce China or Cuba ⑵ when that conforms to U.S. foreign policy objectives ⑷ but for the same reason ⑹ voting alone in defence ofIsrael ⑸ when that country is in the dock over its conduct.

　　譯文：他們還提出批評，認(rèn)為美國總在人權(quán)問題上大做文章，只要符合美國外交目標(biāo)利益，就利用人權(quán)委員會(huì)年會(huì)(通過)決議譴責(zé) / 公開指責(zé)中國或古巴，但出于同樣理由，當(dāng)以色列因其卑劣行徑而哀鴻遍野 / 遭到眾多國家非議時(shí)，美國卻投票偏袒以色列。

　　考點(diǎn)：轉(zhuǎn)性譯法：形容詞 →動(dòng)詞 critical →提出批評

　　名詞→動(dòng)詞 defence →偏袒

　　publicise (美) =publicize (英) : to give publicity to → 使…為公眾所注意

　　denounce (同)： condemn, decry, denunciate, deplore, arraign, attack, censure, revile, impugn, upbraid, rebuke, castigate, indict, reproach, upbraid

　　in defence of: 保衛(wèi);捍衛(wèi)

　　抽象譯法： in the dock → 在被告席上;處于被審判地位;受到非議;哀鴻遍野

　　換序譯法