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　　The popular view when discussing urban transportation in American cities today is to decry its sorry state. Newspaper and journals are filled with talk of "urban transportation crisis," of the "difficulties of getting from here to there, " and so on at great length. Matters are reported to get worse and very quickly.

　　Everyone has his own favorite traumatic experience to report: of the occasion when many of the switches froze on New York's commuter railroads; of the sneak snowstorm in Boston that converted thirty-minute commuter trips into seven hour ordeals; of the extreme difficulties in Chicago and other Midwestern cities when some particularly heavy and successive snowstorms were endured.

　　One reason for the talk of an urban transportation crisis in the United States today perhaps lies in a failure to meet anticipations. Many commuters expected to reduce their commuting times as systems improved, but instead found themselves barely able to maintain the status quo in terms of time requirements./ Another reason for talk of crisis, almost certainly, is the rate of improvement in the performance of urban transportation systems during rush hours has been markedly inferior to that expected during off-peak hours. Specifically, the ability to move quickly about American cities during non-rush hours has improved in a truly phenomenal fashion.

　　【參考譯文】

　　人們議論起今天美國城市的交通，普遍都對其混亂不堪的狀況持公開批評的觀點。報紙和雜志充斥著談?wù)摗俺鞘薪煌ㄎ�機(jī)”、“行路難”及諸如此類的話題。據(jù)報道，交通問題越來越糟，而且每況愈下的速度非常之快。

　　每個人都有自己喜歡向人敘說的可怕經(jīng)歷：紐約市郊鐵路上的許多道岔凍住了;波士頓突然遭遇暴風(fēng)雪，使得30分鐘短途旅程變成了7小時的煎熬：在芝加哥和其它中西部城市，特大暴風(fēng)雪接二連三襲來，持續(xù)數(shù)日，使交通變得極其困難。

　　人們談?wù)摦?dāng)今美國城市交通危機(jī)的一個原因，或許在于目前的狀況未能達(dá)到人們的期望值。隨著交通系統(tǒng)的改進(jìn)，許多依賴公共交通出行的上班族期望能夠縮短上下班來回時間，到頭來卻發(fā)現(xiàn)在交通上所花的時間幾乎沒有減少。人們談?wù)摻煌ㄎ�機(jī)的另一個原因，幾乎可以肯定的是，高峰時段城市交通系統(tǒng)功能的改進(jìn)程度明顯不如非高峰時段人們所期待的改進(jìn)程度。確切地講，在非高峰時間美國城市間快速通行的能力的確有了顯著的改善。

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