2018翻譯考試高級口譯練習題：芝加哥峰會上的演講

　　崔天凱大使在中美產業(yè)合作芝加哥峰會上的演講

　　Speech by Ambassador Cui Tiankai at the U.S.-China Business Summit

　　非常高興參加今天的活動。感謝中投公司和高盛共同主辦今天的峰會。

　　It is a great privilege to join you this morning in Chicago. Let me thank China Investment Corporation and Goldman Sachs for co-hosting this business summit.

　　這是中美兩國工商界一次非常重要的聚會。我們需要兩國工商界發(fā)出有力的聲音。你們不能把這一切都交給我們外交官，好像只有我們在講正確的話;也不能把這一切都交給華盛頓那些政客，讓他們去講那些錯誤的話。

　　This is indeed a very impressive gathering of business leaders of both countries. We need a strong voice from the business communities of both countries. You cannot leave it all to us diplomats to say all the right things. Neither can you leave it all to the people in Washington, D.C. to say all the wrong things.

　　主辦方要我談談“彌合鴻溝”。我認為這是一個非常迫切的問題，因為人們從未像今天這樣緊密相連，卻同時又有如此大的鴻溝。我想從政治經濟學角度，談談我對當今世界幾個基本鴻溝的認識。

　　My host asked me to say something about bridging the divide. I think there are pressing needs to address this issue, because more than ever before, people are so connected and divided at the same time. So I would like to share some of my thinking on some basic divides in today’s world from the point of view of political economics.

　　第一，我們必須要解決好許多國家面臨的經濟社會鴻溝。過去幾十年，科技進步極大提高了生產力，在全球范圍內創(chuàng)造了巨大的財富。按理說，每個人都應該從中受益。然而事實是，即使在一些發(fā)達國家，貧富差距還在擴大。一方面，財富和權力日益集中到少數人手里。另一方面，很多人不僅在經濟上，而且在社會和文化領域也被邊緣化了。我認為，這不僅是因為社會無法適應飛速發(fā)展的科技，更重要的是，決策者們忽視且不愿采取行動，來公平地分配新增財富。很明顯，這不是什么外貿問題，這是國內治理問題。

　　First, we have to deal with the economic and social divide in many countries. Over the past few decades, technological progress has greatly enhanced productivity, creating huge wealth around the world. So ideally, everybody should be better off.

　　But the fact is the gap between the better-off and the worse-off is still growing even in some developed economies. On the one hand, there is a concentration of wealth and power. On the other hand, there is marginalization of so many people not only economically but also socially and culturally. This is not just because technological progress is too fast for the society to adapt. More important, I believe the neglect and lack of will to act on the part of some policymakers for an equitable sharing of the newly created wealth are also responsible. Clearly, this is not a matter of external trade. It is a matter of domestic governance.

　　不斷擴大的鴻溝，將不僅破壞經濟增長前景，也會傷及社會團結和政治穩(wěn)定�，F在科技進步還在加快發(fā)展。我們已經看到信息技術如何改變我們的生產和經營方式。人工智能的出現可能會對我們的生產、消費、社交甚至日常生活產生更加巨大的影響，經濟社會鴻溝有可能進一步擴大和加深。所以我們大家都有責任去推動適應這些巨大的變化，確保新增社會財富惠及更多人。

　　This growing divide will hurt not only the prospects of economic growth, but also social cohesion and political stability. Now technological progress is continuing, even at a faster pace. We have all seen how IT has changed the way we produce and do business. Now the emergence of AI could, in an even more significant way, change production, consumption, social interaction, and even our daily life. So there is a real possibility that economic and social divide could grow even wider and deeper. So all of us share the responsibility to help adapt to these tremendous changes and make sure that the newly created wealth will benefit more people.

　　第二，我們必須應對國際鴻溝。全球化改變了世界政治經濟格局，許多國家抓住全球化機遇，實現了發(fā)展，但也有很多國家被拋在了后面。即使對許多快速發(fā)展的新興經濟體而言，貧窮依然是其面臨的巨大挑戰(zhàn)。因此，發(fā)達國家和發(fā)展中國家之間的鴻溝仍然明顯存在。盡管如此，一些發(fā)達國家卻已經開始擔心發(fā)展中國家發(fā)展得太快、競爭力太強。在這種情況下，我們看到發(fā)達國家的保護主義和經濟民族主義日益顯現。我認為，這一趨勢應該引起我們所有人的警惕。

　　Second, we have to address the international divide. Globalization has changed the world economic and political landscape. Many countries have seized the opportunity and thus achieved development. But still there are many other countries that are left behind. Even for the fast-growing emerging markets, poverty is still a formidable challenge. So the international divide between the more developed and the underdeveloped is still clearly there. But already in some parts of the developed world, people are getting worried that their developing partners are catching up too fast and becoming too competitive. And we see a clear rise of protectionism and economic nationalism in many parts of the developed world. I think we should all be alarmed by this emerging trend.

　　經濟發(fā)展和科技進步有其自身的規(guī)律。生產力的提高使市場向全球拓展，而這又促進了更多地區(qū)的經濟增長和技術推廣。這是積極的動向，有利于為所有人創(chuàng)造機遇。如果少數發(fā)達國家和眾多發(fā)展中國家之間總是存在巨大的鴻溝，那么世界實現持久和平和持續(xù)繁榮的可能性就很小。

　　Economic growth and technological progress has its own logic. Higher productivity drives the expansion of the world market which, in turn, stimulates more economic development and spread of technology in more places. And this is a positive development. It creates opportunities for all. A world that is always divided between a few highly developed and a large number of underdeveloped holds little possibility or prospect for lasting peace and sustainable prosperity.

　　當然，隨著越來越多的國家發(fā)展起來，競爭會越來越激烈。但競爭也是好事。讓我們更有競爭力的是投入競爭，而不是奉行保護主義。當今世界，競爭對手往往也可以成為合作伙伴。所以我們應該以更開放的態(tài)度來對待競爭，積極地看待競爭，歡迎并鼓勵更多的競爭。即使有時候可能會在競爭中失敗，但我們仍應該保持積極的態(tài)度——隨時準備承擔風險，以開放的態(tài)度迎接競爭、始終堅韌不拔。我認為這才是真正的企業(yè)家精神。

　　Of course, with more countries growing, there will be more competition. But competition is also a good thing. Competition rather than protection makes everybody more competitive. In today’s world, very often competitors could become partners as well. So we should be more open to competition. We should welcome and even encourage more competition. Even though sometimes we might lose, we still should be positive about competition – being ready to take risks, being open to competition, and always being resilient. I think this should be what entrepreneurship is all about.

　　競爭的一個關鍵因素是公平。我們必須確保競爭是公平的，并提供公平競爭的環(huán)境。與此同時，各國經濟發(fā)展水平差異很大，在此背景下，絕對對等并非公平，而是極大的不公平。

　　We recognize that a key element for competition is fairness. We have to make sure that competition is fair, and that there is a level-playing field. At the same time, against the background of very different levels of economic development among countries in the world, absolute reciprocity is not fairness. It could be very unfair.

　　第三，我們必須處理好21世紀新現實與陳舊的政策之間的鴻溝。今天我們生活在一個高度全球化的世界，面臨的機遇和挑戰(zhàn)都是全球性的，任何國家都無法單獨應對，也沒有哪個國家能在孤立中實現繁榮。但是現在我們看到的卻是試圖關閉大門并訴諸單邊主義的政策。要在當今世界取得成功，最好的選擇是采取雙贏共贏的方式。但是現在，我們看到的卻是受零和博弈思想強烈影響的政策，是將他人成功視為自身失敗的政策。這些人也許認為，這樣做可以使其獲得更多的利益，但我認為這種心態(tài)對任何一方都沒有好處。

　　Thirdly, we have to deal with the divide between 21st-century realities and outdated policies. Today, we live in a world that is pretty much globalized. We have global opportunities as well as global challenges. No country can handle all this by itself. And no country can prosper in isolation. But now we see policies that attempt to close the door and resort to unilateralism. And to succeed in today’s world, the best choice is to take a win-win approach. But now we see policies that are so strongly influenced by the zero-sum mentality as well as policies that regard other people’s success as their losses. Perhaps they believe that by doing this, they could gain more. But I don’t think such a mentality would be helpful to anyone.

　　如果你想要更大的一份蛋糕，那就讓我們一起把整個蛋糕做大，這樣所有的人都能分得更大的一份;如果篤信零和博弈，那么已經到手的蛋糕很可能不保。最近大家都在談論中美可能爆發(fā)貿易戰(zhàn)，我想強調：貿易是互相獲利的，戰(zhàn)爭是相互摧毀的，貿易戰(zhàn)只能毀掉貿易。貿易戰(zhàn)政策同21世紀的現實嚴重脫節(jié)，它們沒有解決得了昨天的問題，更不可能解決今天和明天的問題。我認為，工商界應該向決策者們提出明智的建議，推動他們采取積極的政策。

　　If you want a bigger share of the pie, let’s work together to make the pie bigger so that everybody could have a bigger share. Following the zero-sum mentality however, you could lose the share you already have in your hands.

　　Recently, there has been so much talk about a possible trade war between China and the United States. So let me make this clear: Trade is for mutual benefit. War is about mutual destruction. A trade war will only destroy trade itself. So such policies are not in line with the reality of the 21st century. They did not even solve the problems of yesterday, still less the problems of today and tomorrow. So I believe the business community should give the policymakers good advice in a hope that they will adopt good policies.

　　最后，同樣重要的是，彌合鴻溝最好的方法是互聯互通，即實現政策溝通、設施聯通、貿易暢通、資金融通、民心相通。從這一意義上來說，我認為“一帶一路”倡議是一個極好的例子，它的設計和提出都是為了提升世界各國之間的聯通，讓所有人都可以共享發(fā)展機遇，從而更好地彌合鴻溝。我希望中美兩國工商界能更加積極地參與“一帶一路”倡議。

　　And last but not least, the best way to bridge the divide is to enhance connectivity – not only in infrastructure, but also in cyberspace, trade, finance, policies, and people. And in this regard, the Belt and Road Initiative is an excellent example. It was designed and initiated exactly for the purpose of enhancing connectivity throughout the world so that everybody could share the opportunity of development and remove the divide more effectively. So I hope there will be stronger participation by the business communities of both countries in this Initiative.

　　當今世界仍然存在著巨大的鴻溝，我們應該彌合鴻溝，創(chuàng)造更廣泛的繁榮，更公平分配紅利。讓我們攜起手來，在急流險灘上架起那座彌合鴻溝的橋梁。

　　In conclusion, let me say there are still significant divides in today’s world. Our job is to help narrow and bridge these divides so that we will have greater prosperity and equitable sharing of the benefits. Let’s work together closely to build a bridge over the troubled water today.

　　謝謝。

　　Thank you.