在第20次東盟與中日韓領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會議上的發(fā)言
Speech at the 20th ASEAN Plus China, Japan and ROK Summit
人民共和國國務(wù)院總理 李克強
H.E. Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China
2017年11月14日，馬尼拉
Manila, 14 November 2017
尊敬的杜特爾特總統(tǒng)，各位同事：
President Duterte,
Colleagues,
很高興出席第20次東盟與中日韓(10+3)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會議。我謹代表中國政府，對菲律賓政府為會議所做的精心準(zhǔn)備和周到安排表示誠摯感謝。
It gives me great pleasure to attend the 20th ASEAN Plus China, Japan and ROK (APT) Summit. On behalf of the Chinese government, I wish to express sincere appreciation to the government of the Philippines for its thoughtful preparations and arrangements for the meeting.
10+3合作發(fā)端于亞洲國家共同應(yīng)對金融危機之際，今年恰逢20周年。20年來，在各方共同努力下，10+3合作機制不斷完善、合作領(lǐng)域逐步拓展，成為亞洲地區(qū)架構(gòu)最完善、成果最顯著的合作機制之一，為促進東亞地區(qū)和平穩(wěn)定、發(fā)展繁榮作出了積極貢獻。當(dāng)前，世界經(jīng)濟出現(xiàn)向好勢頭，全球貿(mào)易投資止跌回升，國際金融市場總體穩(wěn)定，中日、中韓關(guān)系出現(xiàn)改善勢頭，為10+3合作帶來了新的機遇。同時，世界經(jīng)濟復(fù)蘇冷熱不均，“逆全球化”和保護主義傾向抬頭，地區(qū)熱點問題此起彼伏，也給10+3合作帶來了挑戰(zhàn)。中方期待本次會議進一步凝聚共識，傳遞出我們堅定支持區(qū)域一體化、推動建設(shè)東亞經(jīng)濟共同體的積極信號，造福地區(qū)國家人民，也為構(gòu)建開放型世界經(jīng)濟注入正能量。
APT cooperation, now in its 20th year, was born from the joint efforts of Asian countries to tackle the financial crisis. Over the past 20 years, thanks to the concerted efforts of all parties, the APT cooperation framework has kept improving and incorporated broader areas. It has become one of the most full-fledged and productive cooperation frameworks in Asia, making positive contribution to peace, stability, development and prosperity in East Asia.
The world economy is now seeing an upward momentum, with global trade and investment starting to pick up and the international financial markets maintaining general stability. China-Japan and China-ROK relations are showing a momentum of improvement. All these have created new opportunities for APT cooperation. This said, the uneven global economic recovery, rising anti-globalization and protectionist sentiments and flare-ups of regional hotspots are also posing challenges to APT cooperation. China hopes that our meeting will build up consensus and send a positive message of our firm commitment to regional integration and to the building of the East Asia Economic Community (EAEC), which serves the interests of our countries and peoples and adds positive energy to fostering an open world economy.
各位同事，
Colleagues,
本次會議是10+3合作20周年紀(jì)念峰會，具有承前啟后的重要意義。20年來，我們堅持以共同發(fā)展為核心，東亞地區(qū)經(jīng)受住了兩次金融危機的洗禮，成為世界上最具發(fā)展活力和潛力的地區(qū)之一，去年對世界經(jīng)濟增長的貢獻率達到44%。我們堅持以區(qū)域一體化為方向，大力推動貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化，東盟共同體建成，中國-東盟自貿(mào)區(qū)實現(xiàn)升級，中韓高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自貿(mào)區(qū)建成，區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定談判邁出堅實步伐。我們堅持以務(wù)實合作為動力，24個領(lǐng)域的合作取得積極成果，打造了清邁倡議多邊化、大米緊急儲備、宏觀經(jīng)濟研究辦公室、東亞論壇等一大批旗艦項目。我們堅持以機制建設(shè)為保障，形成了以領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會議為核心，以部長會議、高官會、大使級會議等為支撐的合作體系。成績來之不易，經(jīng)驗彌足珍貴，值得我們倍加珍惜并發(fā)揚光大。
Our summit today is a commemorative event for the 20th anniversary of APT cooperation. As such, it has special significance for the future of this cooperation framework. Thanks to our commitment to common development in the past two decades, East Asia has stood the test of two financial crises and become one of the most dynamic and promising regions in the world. Together, we contributed 44% to world economic growth last year. Our efforts to advance regional integration through vigorous trade and investment liberalization and facilitation have delivered good results: the ASEAN Community has been established; the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area (FTA) has been upgraded; a high-standard China-ROK FTA has been set up; and RCEP negotiations have made solid progress. Practical cooperation has been the driving force for the APT process. Cooperation in 24 areas has yielded positive outcomes and produced a large number of flagship projects, such as the CMIM, APTERR, AMRO and East Asia Forum. We have worked on institution building to sustain APT cooperation. A framework with the leaders’ summit at the center, supported by ministerial, senior officials’ and ambassadorial meetings has been established. These hard-won achievements and valuable experience deserve to be cherished and carried forward.
構(gòu)建東亞經(jīng)濟共同體是10+3合作的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)之一，符合地區(qū)國家人民的長遠和根本利益，當(dāng)前面臨天時、地利、人和的難得機遇，應(yīng)不失時機向前推進。中方主張，東亞經(jīng)濟共同體建設(shè)要秉持“一個宗旨”，即促進地區(qū)經(jīng)濟一體化，實現(xiàn)融合發(fā)展和共同發(fā)展;堅持“兩個原則”，即堅持東盟的中心地位，堅持協(xié)商一致、開放包容、照顧各方舒適度的“東盟方式”;推進“三個層面合作”，即以10+3合作為主渠道，以東盟與中、日、韓三組10+1合作為基礎(chǔ)，以中日韓、瀾滄江-湄公河、東盟東部增長區(qū)等次區(qū)域合作為有益補充，使東亞經(jīng)濟共同體建設(shè)始終走在健康、穩(wěn)定、可持續(xù)的道路上。
Building the EAEC has been one of the strategic objectives of APT cooperation and serves the long-term and fundamental interests of the people in the region. We now enjoy a rare opportunity, advantageous conditions and extensive support for advancing this worthy cause. And we should do so expeditiously. In China’s view, EAEC building needs to serve one purpose, follow two principles, and be advanced in three spheres. The “one purpose” is to promote regional economic integration to deliver integrated development and common progress. The “two principles” are the centrality of ASEAN and the ASEAN Way featuring consensus-building, openness and inclusiveness, and accommodating each other’s comfort level. It needs to be advanced at the “three spheres” with APT cooperation serving as the main channel, the three 10+1 as the basis, and sub-regional mechanisms such as China-Japan-ROK, Lancang-Mekong and BIMP-EAGA as useful supplement. All this will help put EAEC on a track of sound, steady and sustainable development.
今年6月，中方在長沙主辦第15屆東亞論壇，與會官產(chǎn)學(xué)界代表就推進東亞經(jīng)濟共同體建設(shè)進行了探討，并制定了“東亞經(jīng)濟共同體藍圖”概念文件。中方認為，我們可以借鑒東盟共同體建設(shè)經(jīng)驗，制定東亞經(jīng)濟共同體藍圖，確定建設(shè)目標(biāo)、量化指標(biāo)、實現(xiàn)路徑和時間表，從共識最多、基礎(chǔ)最好的領(lǐng)域做起，逐步擴大合作領(lǐng)域、提升合作層次，讓各國從合作中受益，不斷增強建設(shè)東亞經(jīng)濟共同體的信心和動力。為此，我愿提出以下建議：
At the 15th East Asia Forum hosted by China in Changsha last June, representatives from governments, businesses and academia discussed EAEC development and drafted a concept paper entitled “East Asia Economic Community Blueprint”. We may draw on the experience of the ASEAN Community in formulating the blueprint, goals, quantitative indicators, roadmap and timetable for EAEC. Our cooperation may start from areas with the most extensive consensus and most solid foundation to be gradually expanded to more areas and upgraded to higher levels. We need to make sure that all countries will benefit from the process to generate greater confidence and incentive for EAEC building. In this connection, let me propose the following.
第一，大力推進貿(mào)易自由化便利化，逐步向單一市場邁進。去年10+3國家的貿(mào)易總額超過8萬億美元，占全球貿(mào)易1/4，其中近40%是區(qū)域內(nèi)貿(mào)易，還有很大的潛力。各方應(yīng)進一步擴大市場開放，削減關(guān)稅和非關(guān)稅壁壘，提高服務(wù)貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化的水平，打造相互依賴的區(qū)域貿(mào)易鏈條，更大程度激發(fā)地區(qū)開放發(fā)展的活力和潛能。中方愿與有關(guān)方一道，加快推進中日韓自貿(mào)區(qū)談判，并以更加積極的姿態(tài)推進區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定談判，為更長遠的亞太自貿(mào)區(qū)鋪平道路。建立東亞大通關(guān)合作機制，加強信息互換、監(jiān)管互認、執(zhí)法互助等方面的海關(guān)合作，探索推廣國際貿(mào)易單一窗口。鼓勵貿(mào)易方式創(chuàng)新，為跨境電子商務(wù)發(fā)展?fàn)I造良好環(huán)境。
First, we need to vigorously promote trade liberalization and facilitation to move toward a single market step by step. Last year, the combined trade volume of APT countries exceeded 8 trillion US dollars, accounting for one quarter of the world’s total; yet only 40% of it was intra-regional trade, which means there is great potential to expand trade among ourselves. All parties need to further open their markets, reduce tariff and non-tariff barriers, enhance liberalization in services trade and investment facilitation, and foster interdependent regional trade chains. All this will help further open up our region and unleash greater dynamism and potential for our development. China will work with Japan and the ROK to expedite trilateral FTA negotiations and will take a more proactive approach in advancing RCEP negotiations to pave the way for the long-term goal of the FTAAP. It is also necessary to establish a pan-East Asia customs clearance cooperation mechanism to step up cooperation in information exchange, mutual regulatory recognition and mutual law-enforcement assistance in customs procedures. The practice of single window system for international trade should be adopted more extensively. Innovative forms of trade need to be encouraged to create enabling conditions for cross-border e-commerce.
第二，擴大產(chǎn)能和投資合作，打造互利共贏的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈。10+3國家在勞動力、資源、技術(shù)、資金、市場、產(chǎn)業(yè)等方面各具優(yōu)勢，無論是開展水平分工還是垂直分工，都有巨大的合作空間。我們愿與各方一道，在擴大輕工、紡織、家電、建材、冶金等傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)投資合作的同時，加快推進數(shù)字經(jīng)濟、智能經(jīng)濟、綠色經(jīng)濟、共享經(jīng)濟等新興產(chǎn)業(yè)合作，構(gòu)建共同參與、各獲其利的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈、價值鏈、創(chuàng)新鏈;在開展雙邊合作的同時，拓展三方合作空間;在發(fā)揮好大型企業(yè)龍頭作用的同時，發(fā)揮好中小企業(yè)的配套協(xié)作作用，形成大中小企業(yè)融通發(fā)展格局。中方愿同各方共建“10+3中小企業(yè)服務(wù)聯(lián)盟”，讓更多中小企業(yè)從產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈合作中受益。一周后，中方將在深圳舉辦“10+3中小企業(yè)服務(wù)機構(gòu)創(chuàng)新合作研討會”，歡迎各方參與。中方支持繼續(xù)舉辦10+3國際產(chǎn)能合作研討會和中日韓國際產(chǎn)能合作論壇，為產(chǎn)能合作提供智力支撐。
Second, we need to expand industrial capacity and investment cooperation to forge industrial chains for win-win results. APT countries have respective strengths in labor, resources, technology, capital, market and industrial capacity. There is a great potential for further cooperation among us, be it through horizontal or vertical division of labor. While expanding investment cooperation in traditional sectors such as light industry, textiles, home appliances, construction materials and metallurgy, China is ready to advance cooperation in emerging sectors such as the digital economy, smart economy, green economy and sharing economy and in building industrial, value and innovation chains that we can all participate in and benefit from. Apart from bilateral cooperation, we should also look for opportunities to expand third-party cooperation; and while leveraging the leading role of big companies, we should give full play to the supportive roles of SMEs, so that businesses of all sizes can better integrate their operations. China is ready to work with other parties to develop an APT SME Service Alliance that will help more SMEs to benefit from industrial chain cooperation. In this connection, China will host an APT Seminar on Innovation Cooperation for SME Service Institutions in Shenzhen next week. The presence of your SMEs will be most welcome. China also supports the convening of the International Symposium on APT Industrial Capacity Cooperation and the International Forum for China-Japan-ROK Industrial Capacity Cooperation to increase intellectual input in such cooperation.
第三，加強基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施合作，構(gòu)建互聯(lián)互通網(wǎng)絡(luò)�；ヂ�(lián)互通是經(jīng)濟合作的基礎(chǔ)，應(yīng)當(dāng)作為東亞經(jīng)濟共同體建設(shè)的優(yōu)先方向之一。中方愿將“一帶一路”倡議與東盟互聯(lián)互通總體規(guī)劃更好對接，在此基礎(chǔ)上與各方共同探討制定“東亞互聯(lián)互通總體規(guī)劃”，推動陸上、海上、天上、網(wǎng)上四位一體的聯(lián)通。中方支持地區(qū)國家開展全方位物流信息共享合作，探討將東北亞物流信息服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)拓展到東盟地區(qū)，打造東亞大物流體系;支持建設(shè)東亞能源資源合作機制，保障能源資源安全;支持東亞海洋合作平臺機制建設(shè)，促進海洋經(jīng)濟、環(huán)保、災(zāi)害管理、漁業(yè)等各領(lǐng)域合作。中方愿推動亞洲基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施投資銀行、絲路基金等為本地區(qū)互聯(lián)互通提供更多融資支持。
Third, we need to strengthen infrastructure cooperation to develop connectivity networks. Connectivity as the very basis of economic cooperation should be a priority in building the EAEC. China will work for greater synergy between its Belt and Road Initiative and ASEAN’s Connectivity Master Plan and, on that basis, explore with regional countries a master plan for East Asia connectivity that comprises land, sea, air and cyber links. China supports all-dimensional sharing of logistics information by regional countries. We may explore the extension of the Northeast Asia Logistics Information Service Network to the ASEAN region to form an integrated logistics system across East Asia. China supports the creation of an East Asia energy and resources cooperation mechanism to buttress regional energy and resources security. The development of an East Asia maritime cooperation platform should also be encouraged for the purpose of boosting cooperation in marine economy, marine environment protection, disaster management and fishing. China will facilitate the provision of more financing support by the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the Silk Road Fund to connectivity endeavors in our region.
第四，深化金融合作，維護地區(qū)金融穩(wěn)定。金融合作是10+3合作起步最早、成果最豐的領(lǐng)域之一，也是建設(shè)東亞經(jīng)濟共同體的重點。要共同推動構(gòu)建地區(qū)金融合作體系，加強在貨幣穩(wěn)定、投融資、信用評級等領(lǐng)域務(wù)實合作，做好清邁倡議多邊化協(xié)議階段性評估并提高協(xié)議的可用性、有效性和安全性，建設(shè)地區(qū)金融安全網(wǎng)。中方歡迎10+3宏觀經(jīng)濟研究辦公室成為聯(lián)合國大會永久觀察員，支持其更好發(fā)揮區(qū)域經(jīng)濟監(jiān)測平臺的作用。中方?jīng)Q定將出資支持區(qū)域信用擔(dān)保與投資基金增資，促進亞洲債券市場發(fā)展。支持亞洲金融合作協(xié)會發(fā)揮維護地區(qū)和全球金融市場穩(wěn)定的積極作用。
Fourth, we need to deepen financial cooperation to safeguard regional financial stability. Financial cooperation is one of the earliest and most fruitful areas of APT cooperation, and also a priority in building the EAEC. We need to jointly build up a regional financial cooperation system by strengthening cooperation in such areas as currency stability, investment, financing, and credit rating. We should do a good job in the periodic review of the CMIM, make it safer, more effective and more readily available, and add more building blocks to the regional financial safety net. China hails AMRO’s permanent observer status in the UN General Assembly and supports effective exercise of its role as a regional economic surveillance platform. China is committed to make contribution to CGIF’s capital increase to facilitate the development of the Asian bond market. We also support the positive role of the Asia Financial Cooperation Association in safeguarding the stability of regional and global financial markets.
第五，加強可持續(xù)發(fā)展合作，打造均衡包容普惠的地區(qū)發(fā)展格局。建設(shè)東亞經(jīng)濟共同體，應(yīng)讓各方廣泛受益，特別是照顧好欠發(fā)達國家、弱勢人群的關(guān)切。要落實聯(lián)合國2030年可持續(xù)發(fā)展議程，繼續(xù)加強糧食、能源、減貧等領(lǐng)域合作，讓地區(qū)人民在共建共享發(fā)展中有更多獲得感。為維護地區(qū)糧食安全，中方同泰方共同倡議本次領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會議發(fā)表《10+3領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人關(guān)于糧食安全合作的聲明》。中方支持加強10+3大米緊急儲備機制建設(shè)，愿繼續(xù)辦好糧食安全合作戰(zhàn)略圓桌會、東亞現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)研修班等項目。中方正積極落實“東亞減貧合作倡議”，愿與地區(qū)國家在小型基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、公共服務(wù)等方面加強合作。中方愿與10+3各國加強減貧經(jīng)驗交流，共同探討有東亞特色的減貧之路。
Fifth, we need to strengthen cooperation in sustainable development to make development in East Asia more balanced, inclusive and beneficial to all. In building the EAEC, we need to make sure that all parties benefit from the process and that the concerns of the less developed countries and the disadvantaged communities are duly accommodated. We need to implement the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and intensify cooperation in food, energy and poverty reduction to make the process of development more fulfilling for our people as they participate in and gain from it. In the interest of regional food security, China and Thailand have co-sponsored an APT Leaders’ Statement on Food Security Cooperation to be adopted by this meeting. China also supports institution building for the APTERR and will continue to do our best in hosting such programs as the Roundtable Meeting on APT Food Security Cooperation Strategy and the Modern Agriculture Workshop for East Asian Countries. China is earnestly following through on the East Asia Cooperation Initiative on Poverty Reduction and stands ready to strengthen cooperation with regional countries on micro infrastructure and public services. China welcomes more experience sharing with other APT countries to jointly explore effective ways of poverty reduction tailored to the needs of our region.
第六，擴大人文交流合作，凝聚共同體意識。建設(shè)東亞經(jīng)濟共同體，根基在民間。要擴大人民之間的交往，推動文明互學(xué)互鑒，加深相互了解、信任和友誼。進一步加強旅游合作，簡化簽證、人員通關(guān)手續(xù)，鼓勵互辦旅游推廣周、宣傳月、旅游年等活動，營造便捷、安全、舒適的旅行環(huán)境。中方支持“東亞文化之都”同“東盟文化城市”開展更多交流互動，支持“10+3大學(xué)校長論壇”平臺建設(shè)，愿繼續(xù)辦好“了解中國”、媒體合作研討會、文化人力資源開發(fā)研討班等項目。中方已率先完成向10+3合作基金增資，愿意繼續(xù)推動基金主要用于人文交流，特別是青年往來項目。中方支持充分發(fā)揮東亞論壇、東亞思想庫網(wǎng)絡(luò)等二軌機制作用，繼續(xù)為東亞經(jīng)濟共同體建設(shè)貢獻智慧。
Sixth, we need to expand cultural and people-to-people exchange to instill a greater sense of community among our peoples. For the EAEC to be successful, it must be built on solid popular support. We need to encourage more interactions between our peoples and more mutual learning in the cultural sphere to forge deeper mutual understanding, greater trust and stronger friendship. We need to step up tourism cooperation, streamline visa and customs procedures, encourage more events such as designating specific weeks or months for tourism promotion purposes or declaring year of tourism, and make traveling easier, safer and more comfortable. China supports more interactions between the East Asia Cultural Cities and ASEAN Cultural Cities as well as the development of the APT Rectors’ Conference, and will continue to run the “Understanding China” program, the APT Media Cooperation Forum, the APT Workshop on Cooperation for Cultural Human Resource Development and other similar programs. China was the first to contribute to the replenishment of the APT Cooperation Fund, and will continue to encourage the Fund to channel resources to cultural and people-to-people programs, those for our young people in particular. China supports track II mechanisms such as the East Asia Forum and NEAT in contributing more insightful ideas and recommendations for EAEC building.
地區(qū)和平穩(wěn)定是東亞合作的前提和基礎(chǔ)。中國是朝鮮半島的近鄰，堅持實現(xiàn)朝鮮半島無核化目標(biāo)、堅持維護半島及地區(qū)和平穩(wěn)定、堅持通過對話協(xié)商解決面臨的問題，是中方的堅定立場。中方為此提出了“雙軌并行”思路和“雙暫停”倡議，希望各方積極呼應(yīng)，避免采取任何加劇局勢緊張的言行，為推動以和平方式解決半島問題發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用。
Regional peace and stability is the basis and prerequisite for East Asia cooperation. As a close neighbor of the Korean Peninsula, China is firmly committed to the goal of denuclearization of the Peninsula, to peace and stability there and in this region, and to resolving the issue through dialogue and consultation. This is China’s unwavering position. To achieve the above-mentioned goals, China has put forth the “dual track” approach and the “suspension for suspension” initiative, which we hope will receive positive response from all parties. In the meantime, the parties concerned need to avoid any words or actions that may aggravate tensions, and play a constructive role for the peaceful resolution of the Peninsula issue.
