2017年翻譯考試catti高級(jí)口譯模擬題（13）

　　【漢譯英】

　　我們清楚地看到，我國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展還存在不少問題。例如，一些國有企業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營困難，下崗和失業(yè)人員增多，經(jīng)濟(jì)整體素質(zhì)和效益不高。

　　國有企業(yè)改革是當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的重點(diǎn)。我們要用三年時(shí)間，通過改革、改組、改造和加強(qiáng)管理，使大多數(shù)國有大中型虧損企業(yè)擺脫困境，并在本世紀(jì)末使大多數(shù)國有大中型骨干企業(yè)初步建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度。

　　國有企業(yè)改革的指導(dǎo)思想和基本任務(wù)如下：第一，把國有企業(yè)改革作為經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革的中心環(huán)節(jié)，以建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度為方向，切實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)換企業(yè)經(jīng)營機(jī)制。第二，“抓大放小”，對(duì)國有企業(yè)進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)略性改組。第三，探索和發(fā)展公有制的多種實(shí)現(xiàn)形式。第四，把改革同改組、改造、加強(qiáng)管理結(jié)合起來。第五，鼓勵(lì)兼并、規(guī)范破產(chǎn)、下崗分流、減員增效和實(shí)施再就業(yè)工程。第六，推進(jìn)以建立社會(huì)保障制度為重點(diǎn)的配套改革。

　　在一些重要行業(yè)和關(guān)鍵領(lǐng)域，鼓勵(lì)組建大型企業(yè)集團(tuán)，增強(qiáng)在國內(nèi)外市場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。發(fā)展企業(yè)集團(tuán)要堅(jiān)持以市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向，打破部門、地區(qū)和所有制的界限，支持強(qiáng)強(qiáng)聯(lián)合，實(shí)現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)。加快國有企業(yè)的改組和調(diào)整，鼓勵(lì)優(yōu)勢(shì)企業(yè)兼并困難企業(yè)，使資源得到有效利用。對(duì)長期虧損、扭虧無望的企業(yè)實(shí)施規(guī)范破產(chǎn)。各級(jí)政府要關(guān)心和支持分流企業(yè)富余人員、提高效益的工作。

　　要積極穩(wěn)妥地進(jìn)行股份制和股份合作制的改革。對(duì)具備條件的大中型企業(yè)實(shí)行規(guī)范的公司制，根據(jù)市場(chǎng)情況，允許一些企業(yè)上市發(fā)行股票。企業(yè)改制要真正轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)營機(jī)制，實(shí)行政企分開，明確國家和企業(yè)的權(quán)利和責(zé)任，完善內(nèi)部管理制度，防止國有資產(chǎn)流失。要采取從改組、聯(lián)合、兼并、租賃、承包經(jīng)營和股份合作制、出售等形式，加快搞活國有小企業(yè)的步伐。要把經(jīng)營自主權(quán)真正放給企業(yè)，實(shí)行自負(fù)盈虧，使小企業(yè)能夠更加靈活地適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)。

　　企業(yè)管理部門要轉(zhuǎn)變觀念，使生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營和內(nèi)部管理適應(yīng)市場(chǎng)的要求。在任何時(shí)候都要重視加快技術(shù)進(jìn)步和新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)。要不斷調(diào)整產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)，加強(qiáng)市場(chǎng)營銷，改善售后服務(wù)，降低成本，提高質(zhì)量，增強(qiáng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)能力。

　　【參考譯文】

　　We are fully aware that there are still quite a few problems in our economic development. For example, some state-owned enterprises are experiencing difficulties in production and business operation, which has led to increased unemployment and poor economic profits.

　　The reform of state-owned enterprises is considered the principle task of China’s current economic restructuring endeavor. It is proposed that within about three years, through reform, reorganization, upgrading and improved management, most of the large and medium-sized state owned loss-making enterprises should have been extricated from their predicament, and a modern enterprises system in the bulk of large and medium-sized state-owned hey enterprises should have been establishes initially by the end of the century.　The following constitutes the guidelines and basic tasks for the reform of state-owned enterprises: First, we should take the reform of state-owned enterprises as the pivotal point in economic restructuring, and strive to change their operating mechanism, with the establishment of a modern enterprises system as our orientation. Second, we should carry out a strategic reorganization of state-owned enterprises by learning to manage large enterprises well while relaxing control over small ones. Third, we should explore various forms for realizing public ownership. Fourth, we should combine our efforts to reform enterprises with efforts to reorganize, upgrade and exercise more effective management of them. Fifth, we should encourage mergers, standardize bankruptcy procedures, redirect laid-off workers, increase efficiency by reducing redundant staff and implement re-employment programs. Sixth, we should promote supportive reforms focusing on the establishment of a social security system.

　　In important industries and priority fields, the establishment of large enterprise groups should be encouraged in order to increase their competitiveness in both domestic and foreign markets. In boosting enterprise groups, we should persist in taking the market as our orientation, break departmental, regional and ownership barriers, and support association between strong enterprises so that they will take advantage of each other’s strengths. In accelerating the reorganization and readjustment of state-owned enterprises, we should encourage strong enterprises to merge with difficulty-ridden ones so as to make more efficient use of resources. We should declare bankrupt according to regulations those loss-making enterprises whose long-time difficult situation is unlikely to end. Government at all levels should be concerned about and support the effort of redirecting surplus employees of enterprises to improve business efficiency.

　　Reform will take place actively and steadily in matters concerning the establishment of the joint share system and the joint stock cooperative system. We shall corporatize large and medium-sized enterprises in a standard way where conditions permit, allowing some enterprises to be listed and issue stocks in accordance with market conditions. In the reform of enterprises, we shall overhaul their operational procedures, separate government functions from enterprise management, and delineate the rights and responsibilities of the state and enterprises. Meanwhile, we should improve the internal management system and prevent the devaluation of state assets. We should accelerate the pace of relaxing control over small state-owned enterprises and invigorating them by way of reorganization, association, merging, leasing, contract operation, the joint stock cooperative system and sell-off. We should make sure that the right to independent operation is delegated to small enterprises so that they can be responsible for their own profits and losses and adapt themselves to the market in a more flexible way.

　　The management of enterprises should change their outdated way of thinking so that production, operation and internal management can meet the needs of the market. At any time, importance must be attached to the work of speeding up technological progress and developing new products. We must readjust the product mix on a regular basis, improve marketing and after-sale services, reduce production cost and upgrade quality, so as to become stronger competitors in the market.