2017翻譯資格考試高級(jí)口譯漢英翻譯訓(xùn)練（三十一） 

　　【數(shù)字中的中國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)】

　　中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展出現(xiàn)了高增長(zhǎng)、低通脹的新局面。國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)繼續(xù)快速增長(zhǎng)，市場(chǎng)物價(jià)基本穩(wěn)定。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，去年我國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值完成74，772億元(9008.7億美元)，比去年增長(zhǎng)8.8%，其中，第一產(chǎn)業(yè)增長(zhǎng)3.5%，第二產(chǎn)業(yè)增長(zhǎng)10.8%，第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增長(zhǎng) 8.2%。物價(jià)漲幅持續(xù)走低，全年商品零售價(jià)格總水平比去年上漲0.8%，居民銷售價(jià)格上漲2.8%，漲幅分別比上年回落5.3和5.5個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)方式轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)〉昧诉M(jìn)展，經(jīng)濟(jì)效益有所提高，每萬元國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能源消耗比上年降低了5.2%。

　　China’s economic development has entered a new stage which is characteristically one of high growth and low inflation. The national economy continues to grow rapidly and market prices remain basically stable. Statistics for the last year show that China’s gross domestic product (GDP) reached 7,477.2 billion yuan (US$900.87 billion), an increase of 8.8 percent over the previous year, among which primary industry grew by 3.5%, secondary industry 10.8%, and tertiary industry 8.2%. The margin of price rise continued to fall. Retail prices rose by 0.8 percent, representing a drop of 5.3 percentage points compared to the year before, and consumer prices rose by 2.8 percent, 5.5 percentage points less than that of the previous year. Progress has been made in shifting the mode of economic growth. Economic efficiency improved, with the energy consumed for each 10,000 yuan of GDP decreasing by 5.2 percent compared to the level of the year before.

　　農(nóng)業(yè)繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)。在北方大面積干旱的情況下，全國(guó)糧食產(chǎn)量仍達(dá)到49，250萬噸。國(guó)家糧食庫(kù)存達(dá)到歷史最高水平。棉花產(chǎn)量430萬噸。肉類和水產(chǎn)品總產(chǎn)量分別為5，354萬噸和3，561萬噸。畜牧和水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)已成為農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)和農(nóng)民增加收入的重要來源。鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)增加值達(dá)到18，000億元(2，168.7億美元)。

　　Agriculture was further strengthened. Despite droughts in a large part of north China, grain output reached 492.5 million tons. The stage grain reserves hit a record high. Cotton output was 4.3 million tons. The total output of meat came to 53.54 million tons and aquatic products to 35.61 million tons. Animal husbandry and aquaculture have become significant points for rural economic growth and a major source of the increase in farmers’ income. The added value of township enterprises reached 1,800 billion yuan (US$216.87 billion).

　　基礎(chǔ)工業(yè)和基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施繼續(xù)發(fā)展。一級(jí)能源生產(chǎn)達(dá)到13.4億噸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤。新增發(fā)電機(jī)容量1，376萬千瓦，電力供應(yīng)基本滿足生產(chǎn)和生活的需要。新建鐵路交付營(yíng)運(yùn)里程896公里，電氣化鐵路1，916公里，復(fù)線551公里。新增公路里程35，000公里，其中高速公路1，313公里;公路旅客周轉(zhuǎn)量達(dá)到5，118億人公里，大幅度超過了鐵路的周轉(zhuǎn)量。郵電通信是基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施中增長(zhǎng)最快、變化最大的領(lǐng)域：新增長(zhǎng)途光纜27，000皮長(zhǎng)公里，數(shù)字微波干線14，400公里，電話交換機(jī)容量1，961萬門;移動(dòng)通訊已成為世界上覆蓋范圍最廣的移動(dòng)電話網(wǎng)之一，用戶達(dá)到1，323萬。

　　Basic industries and infrastructure continued to develop. National primary energy production reached 1.34 billion tons of standard coal. Power-generating capacity increased by 13.78 million kw, and the power supply basically met production needs and household use. Newly built railways open to traffic totaled 896km, electrified railways, 1,916 km, and double-track railways, 551km. A total of 35,000 km of new roads were added, including 1,313 km of expressways. The passenger transport of highways was 511.8 billion passenger-km. The post and telecommunications sector registered the most rapid development. The total length of long-distance optical cable installed increased by 27,000 sheath km, that of digital micro-wave links by 14,400 km, and the number of telephone lines by 19.61 million. The mobile telephone network in China, having 13,23 million subscribers, has become one of the largest in the world in terms of its coverage.

　　全國(guó)財(cái)政收入(不含債務(wù)收入)完成8，642億元(1， 041.2億美元)，比上年增長(zhǎng)16.7%;財(cái)政支出(不含債務(wù)支出)9，197億元(1，108億美元)，增長(zhǎng)15.9%;支大于收555億元(66.9億美元)，其中中央財(cái)政赤字560億元(67.5億美元)，控制在預(yù)算目標(biāo)之內(nèi)。中央財(cái)政債務(wù)收入2，447億元(298.4億美元)，完成預(yù)算的99.6%。貨幣供應(yīng)量增長(zhǎng)17.3%。全年現(xiàn)金投放1，376億元(165.8億美元)，超過計(jì)劃控制目標(biāo)176億元(21.2億美元)/全部金融機(jī)構(gòu)存款增加12，940億元(1，559億美元)，增長(zhǎng)18.6%;貸款增加10，703億元(1，289.5億美元)，增長(zhǎng)16.7%。適時(shí)下調(diào)貸款利率，減輕了企業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)。國(guó)家外匯儲(chǔ)備達(dá)到歷史最高水平，年末為1，399億美元，比年初增加349億美元。

　　The country’s financial revenue (excluding liability revenue) totaled 864.2 billion yuan (US$ 104.12 billion), up 16.7 percent on the previous year, and financial expenditure (excluding liability expenditure) reached 919.7 billion yuan (US$110.8 billion), up 15.9 percent, with the latter exceeding the former by 55.5 billion yuan (US$6.69 billion). The deficit of the state treasure stood at 56 billion yuan (US$6.75 billion), which was within the budgeted goal. The state treasury’s liability revenue was 247.7 billion yuan (US$29.84 billion), fulfilling the budgeted goal by 99.6 percent. Currency supply increased by 17.3 percent. A total of 137.6 billion yuan (US$16.58 billion), was issued throughout the year, exceeding the controlled plan by 17.6 billion yuan (US$2.12 billion). The total savings deposits in all financial institutions increased by 1,294 billion yuan (US$155.9 billion), a rise of 18.6 percent over the previous year, and loans rose by 1,070.3 billion yuan (US$128.95 billion), up 16.7 percent. The interest rate on loans was lowered in due course, helping reduce the burden on enterprises. China’s foreign exchange reserve reached US$139.9 billion at the end of last year, a record high and an increase of US$34.9 billion over the figure at the beginning of the year.

　　對(duì)外貿(mào)易增長(zhǎng)較快，利用外資的質(zhì)量得到提高。去年中國(guó)隊(duì)外貿(mào)易躍居世界第10位。全年進(jìn)出口總額3，251億美元，比上年增長(zhǎng)12.1%，順差403億美元：其中吸收外商直接投資453億美元，借用國(guó)外貸款120億美元，運(yùn)用境外發(fā)行股票等方式利用外資67億美元。境外實(shí)際投資18.3億美元，對(duì)彌補(bǔ)國(guó)內(nèi)資源不足和帶動(dòng)出口發(fā)揮了一定作用。

　　Fairly rapid growth was registered in foreign trade, and foreign capital utilization improved in quality. Last year, China rose as the world’s 10th largest country in foreign trade. Imports and exports totaled US$325.1 billion, an increase of 12.1 percent over the previous year, with a trade surplus of US$40.3 billion. Exports accounted for US$182.7 billion, rising by 20.9 percent. A total of US$64 billion of foreign investment and US$12 billion of foreign loans, and US$6.7 billion was gained through issuing stocks overseas. China invested US$1.83 billion abroad, playing a certain role in making up for the shortage of domestic resources and in promoting export.

　　人民生活繼續(xù)得到改善。全社會(huì)消費(fèi)品零售總額達(dá)到26，843億元(3，234億美元)，實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)10.2%。城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入和農(nóng)民人均純收入分別實(shí)際增長(zhǎng) 3.4%和4.6%。全年城鎮(zhèn)新就業(yè)700萬人，下崗人員再就業(yè)245萬人，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率3.1%。人口自然增長(zhǎng)率為10.06%。

　　The people’s living standards continued to improve. Retail sales of consumer goods in the country totaled 2,684 billion yuan (US$323.4 billion), representing an actual increase of 10.2 percent. The per-capita disposable income of city dwellers rose by 3.4 percent, and the per-capita net income of rural residents by 4.6 percent. Last year, 7 million people in cities and towns found their first jobs, and 2.45 million laid-off workers were re-employed, and the registered unemployment rate in cities and towns was 3.1 percent. The natural population growth rate was 10.06 per thousand.