中國(guó)政府在新疆的反恐行動(dòng)不容被妖魔化

The Counterterrorism Efforts of the Chinese Government Is Not to Be Demonized

駐立陶宛大使申知非在立陶宛論壇網(wǎng)發(fā)表署名文章

Ambassador Shen Zhifei’s Signed Article Published on the Lithuanian Media

2019年06月21日

21 June 2019

　　位于中國(guó)西北邊陲的新疆，是中國(guó)五個(gè)少數(shù)民族自治區(qū)之一，這是一個(gè)美麗富饒的地方，但也曾經(jīng)是宗教極端主義和暴力恐怖主義嚴(yán)重泛濫的地方。

　　Situated in northwest China, Xinjiang is one of the 5 autonomous regions of ethnic minorities in China. It is a land that enjoys beautiful scenery and prosperity, but also used to be rampant with violent terrorism and religious extremism.

　　新疆不能成為恐怖主義的樂(lè)土。20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái)，境內(nèi)外“三股勢(shì)力”(民族分裂勢(shì)力、宗教極端勢(shì)力、暴力恐怖勢(shì)力)策劃并組織實(shí)施了數(shù)千起爆炸、暗殺、投毒、縱火、襲擊、騷亂、暴亂等系列暴力恐怖事件，累計(jì)造成大量無(wú)辜群眾罹難，數(shù)百名公安民警殉職，財(cái)產(chǎn)損失無(wú)法估算。2009年7月5日，境內(nèi)外“東突”勢(shì)力里應(yīng)外合，組織策劃實(shí)施了震驚中外的烏魯木齊市打砸搶燒嚴(yán)重暴力犯罪事件，數(shù)千名恐怖分子在市區(qū)多處同時(shí)行動(dòng)，瘋狂殺害群眾，襲擊政府機(jī)關(guān)、公安武警、居民住所、商店、公共交通設(shè)施等。暴恐分子叫囂“要反對(duì)突厥民族以外的一切民族”，消滅“異教徒”，肆意踐踏新疆各族群眾的生命權(quán)、健康權(quán)、財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)和發(fā)展權(quán)等基本人權(quán)。中國(guó)政府絕不能坐視不理，更不能允許在新疆滋生另一個(gè)“伊斯蘭國(guó)”。開(kāi)展反恐斗爭(zhēng)和去極端化工作，正是中國(guó)政府切實(shí)履行職責(zé)，保障包括新疆各族人民在內(nèi)的全國(guó)人民人權(quán)和正常生產(chǎn)、生活，還新疆各族人民一個(gè)寧?kù)o的生活，給予信教群眾一個(gè)正常的環(huán)境。

　　Xinjiang is by no means to become the paradise for terrorism. Since the 1990s, the “three evil forces” (terrorism, extremism and separatism) in China and abroad have plotted, organized and conducted thousands of violent terrorist attacks including bombings, assassinations, poisoning, arson, assaults, unrest and riots, causing the deaths of a large number of innocent people and hundreds of police officers, as well as immeasurable property damage. On July 5, 2009, the “East Turkistan” forces inside and outside China engineered a riot in Urumqi which shocked the whole world. Thousands of terrorists attacked civilians, government organs, public security and police officers, residential houses, stores and public transportation facilities, causing 197 deaths and injuries to over 1,700, smashing and burning down 331 stores and 1,325 vehicles, and damaging many public facilities. Clamoring for “opposition to all ethnic groups other than Turks” and for the “annihilation of pagans”, the horrific crimes of terrorists trampled upon the essential human rights of people of all ethnic groups in the region, such as their rights to life, health, property and development. Chinese government could by no means sit by idly and remain indifferent to that, and never allows another “ISIS” formed in Xinjiang. The fight against terrorism and extremism is exactly the responsibility that the Chinese government fulfills aimed at protecting the human right of Chinese people of all ethnic groups including those in Xinjiang.

　　中國(guó)的反恐措施不能被妖魔化。打擊恐怖主義和去極端化既是世界性問(wèn)題，也是世界性難題。各國(guó)普遍認(rèn)識(shí)到打擊恐怖主義不能局限于保持現(xiàn)行反恐的“硬”措施，還需要充分結(jié)合本國(guó)和本地區(qū)的實(shí)際情況，建立預(yù)防和干預(yù)的“軟”手段。聯(lián)合國(guó)《防止暴力極端主義行動(dòng)計(jì)劃》提出為受暴力極端主義影響的人群提供教育機(jī)會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展機(jī)遇，鼓勵(lì)其脫離暴力極端主義勢(shì)力。英、法、美等國(guó)政府均出臺(tái)舉措，加強(qiáng)對(duì)受極端思想影響的人員進(jìn)行早期干預(yù)。新疆立足本地區(qū)實(shí)際，深入開(kāi)展反恐怖主義、去極端化斗爭(zhēng)，堅(jiān)持“一手抓打擊、一手抓預(yù)防”，既依法嚴(yán)厲打擊暴力恐怖犯罪，又重視開(kāi)展源頭治理，通過(guò)著力改善民生、加強(qiáng)法制宣傳教育、依法設(shè)立職業(yè)技能教育培訓(xùn)中心進(jìn)行幫扶教育等多種方式，最大限度保障公民的基本人權(quán)免遭恐怖主義和極端主義侵害，避免其成為恐怖主義和極端主義的另一受害者和犧牲品。職教中心組織學(xué)員學(xué)習(xí)國(guó)家唯一的通用語(yǔ)言——普通話和法律，并以就業(yè)為導(dǎo)向，為他們提供服裝鞋帽加工、食品加工、電子商品組裝、排版印刷、電子商務(wù)等多項(xiàng)知識(shí)和技能培訓(xùn)課程;在日常生活、飲食起居等各方面充分尊重和保護(hù)不同民族、不同信仰學(xué)員的人權(quán)和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣，最大限度保障和滿足學(xué)員在學(xué)習(xí)、生活、娛樂(lè)等方面的諸多需求。通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)培訓(xùn)，學(xué)員們更好地適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代社會(huì)發(fā)展，自食其力、謀生創(chuàng)業(yè)，擺脫恐怖主義和宗教極端思想的影響和控制。

　　China’s counterterrorism should not be demonized. Fighting terrorism and extremism is an issue of the world and hard nut to crack. Countries have realized that a comprehensive approach encompasses not only “hard” security-based counter-terrorism measures but also “soft” preventive steps that accord with their own conditions. Plan of Action to Prevent Violent Extremism adopted by UN calls for providing education and economic benefits to address the underlying conditions that drive individuals to radicalize and join violent extremist groups. The governments of UK, France and US have all issued counter-terrorism strategies to underline the importance of early intervention in the cases of people under the influence of extremism. Based on its own conditions, Xinjiang has been making intensive counterterrorism and de-radicalization efforts. Upholding the principle of fighting and preventing terrorism at the same time, the autonomous region has been taking aggressive action against violent terrorist crimes, and at the same time, addressing the problem at its source. It has been making every effort to protect the fundamental human rights of citizens from violation by terrorism and extremism as well as to prevent them from becoming victims of terrorism and extremism. Specific measures include improving public well-being, promoting knowledge of the law through education, and offering education and aid through vocational education and training centers in accordance with the law. The trainees advance from learning the country’s common language, to learning legal knowledge and vocational skills. Based on local job demand, training programs including making of garments, footwear and hats, food processing, assembly of electronic products, typesetting and printing, cosmetology and hairdressing, e-business, and other courses are provided. Human right, customs and habits of various ethnic groups and their beliefs in diet and daily life are respected and protected. Most trainees are therefore better suited to social development and modern life, able to earn a living and even run their own businesses, so as to shake off the influence and control of terrorism and extremism.

　　中國(guó)反恐絕不針對(duì)特定族群和宗教。恐怖主義是人類(lèi)社會(huì)的公敵，是國(guó)際社會(huì)共同打擊的對(duì)象。中國(guó)堅(jiān)決打擊恐怖主義和極端主義，但絕不針對(duì)特定民族和宗教。新疆匯聚13個(gè)世居民族、6種主要宗教、2400多萬(wàn)人口，其中維族約占48%，漢族約占37%。新疆各族人民都具有同等地位，依法享有相同權(quán)利，履行相同義務(wù)，公民的政治權(quán)利得到充分保障。新疆少數(shù)民族享有充分的宗教信仰自由。新疆有10個(gè)主要信仰伊斯蘭教的民族，共有清真寺2.44萬(wàn)座，神職人員2.9萬(wàn)名、宗教院校8所，平均530位穆斯林擁有一座清真寺，位居世界前列，一切正常的宗教活動(dòng)均受到法律保護(hù)。

　　China’s counterterrorism never targets any specific ethnic group or religion. Terrorism and extremism go against human civilization and are the common enemy of the international community. China strikes at all sorts of terrorism and extremism, but never targets any specific ethnic group or religion. Xinjiang is home to 13 ethnic groups, 6 major religions and more than 24 million citizens. The Uyghurs account for about 48 percent of the entire population and the Hans about 37 percent. The people of all Xinjiang’s ethnic groups enjoy the same status and the same rights, and must fulfill the same obligations in accordance with the law. Their political rights as citizens are fully protected. Ethnic minorities enjoy freedom of religious belief. In Xinjiang, there are around 10 Muslim ethnic groups, 24,400 mosques, 29,000 clerical personnel and 8 religious colleges. On average 530 Muslims share one mosque, at a leading place globally. Normal religious activities are protected in accordance with law.

　　新疆的穩(wěn)定、繁榮與發(fā)展是對(duì)心存疑慮的人最好的回答。中國(guó)堅(jiān)決打擊恐怖主義和極端主義，為新疆經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展、民生改善創(chuàng)造了穩(wěn)定環(huán)境和有利條件。1978年至2018年，新疆地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值由39.07億元人民幣增長(zhǎng)至1.15萬(wàn)億元，人均生產(chǎn)總值由313元增長(zhǎng)至48000元，分別增長(zhǎng)294倍和153倍;城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入從319元增加到32764元，農(nóng)村居民人均可支配收入從119元增加到11975元，分別增加了102倍和100倍。追求現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù)知識(shí)和文明生活方式逐漸成為新疆社會(huì)風(fēng)尚，宗教極端思想傳播受到抵制，人民群眾的獲得感、幸福感、安全感不斷提升，進(jìn)一步“降解”恐怖主義產(chǎn)生的土壤。

　　The stability, prosperity and development that Xinjiang enjoys today is the best answer to those who have doubts about Xinjiang’s counterterrorism efforts. China’s strike at terrorism and extremism has created a stable environment and favorable conditions for economic and social development of Xinjiang and the improvement of people’s livelihood. Since the launch of China’s reform and opening-up drive in 1978, Xinjiang’s GDP has soared 294 times from RMB3.9 billion to 1.15 trillion in 2018; Its per-capital GDP has grown 153 times from RMB313 to RMB48,000 in the same period. The per-capital disposable income of urban residents has risen 102 times from RMB319 to RMB32764, and that of rural residents has risen 100 times from RMB119 to RMB11975. There has been a growing trend to pursue modern scientific and technological knowledge and etiquette. The dissemination of religious extremism is resisted consciously. People of all ethnic groups have a stronger sense of fulfillment, happiness and security. All these contribute to “degradation” of the soil breeding terrorism and religious extremism.

　　如今，新疆經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)健康發(fā)展、各族群眾生活不斷改善、各項(xiàng)事業(yè)全面進(jìn)步，反恐維穩(wěn)的紅利初步得到釋放。目前，新疆已連續(xù)2年多未發(fā)生暴力恐怖案件，包括危安案件、公共安全事件在內(nèi)的刑事案件、治安案件大幅下降，極端主義滲透得到有效遏制，社會(huì)治安狀況明顯好轉(zhuǎn)，人民生活安寧祥和。2018年，新疆旅游業(yè)呈現(xiàn)“井噴式”增長(zhǎng)，共接待境內(nèi)外游客超過(guò)1.5億人次、同比增長(zhǎng)40%，其中外國(guó)游客240.32萬(wàn)人次、同比增長(zhǎng)10.78%。許多到過(guò)新疆的人紛紛感慨道：現(xiàn)在新疆不僅很美麗，而且很安全、很穩(wěn)定。無(wú)論天山南北，還是白天黑夜，人們不再擔(dān)驚受怕，可以放心地外出、購(gòu)物、聚餐、旅游。

　　Xinjiang has started to enjoy the dividend of effective counterterrorism efforts with its economy steadily growing, people’s livelihood improving, and overall progress being made in all respects. Tourism boomed in 2018 when the region registered more than 150 million trips by domestic and international tourists, a year-on-year growth of 40 percent. Tourists from abroad reached 24 million, a 40 percent year-on-year increase. Many people who have visited Xinjiang extol the region’s progress: Today’s Xinjiang is not only beautiful but also safe and stable. No matter where they are or at what time of the day, people are no longer afraid of going out, shopping, dining and traveling.

　　我真誠(chéng)地歡迎立陶宛的朋友們有機(jī)會(huì)到新疆走走看看，親身體驗(yàn)新疆之大、新疆之美，了解新疆的真實(shí)情況，體驗(yàn)各國(guó)人民共通的對(duì)和平安寧的期盼、對(duì)繁榮發(fā)展的追求和對(duì)美好生活的向往，相信你們將更加理解和支持中國(guó)政府為打擊恐怖主義和極端主義、維護(hù)新疆社會(huì)穩(wěn)定和人民安全所作的努力。

　　Lithuanian friends are warmly welcome to Xinjiang. By visiting Xinjiang, you will have a chance to see the vastness and breath-taking scenery of Xinjiang, get to know the real situation in Xinjiang, and more importantly, share with Xinjiang people the desire for peace, the pursuit for development and the aspiration for a better life. I believe by then you will have a better understanding of and render more support to Chinese government in its efforts to strike terrorism and extremism as well as to maintain stability in Xinjiang and safeguard its people.

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