2018年翻譯資格考試初級(jí)筆譯模擬題：艾滋病

　　第一篇

　　漢譯英

　　艾滋病

　　艾滋病是一種威脅生命的疾病，它侵襲人體內(nèi)的自然免疫系統(tǒng)，破壞人體的自衛(wèi)能力。

　　艾滋病本身并不致命，但是，由于人體的免疫系統(tǒng)遭到破壞，病人幾乎沒有能力低于其他許多疾病的侵襲，例如，肺炎、癌癥、致盲性疾病和精神錯(cuò)亂。

　　艾滋病毒存在于人的體液中。這種病毒可以通過(guò)性生活或共用靜脈注射器傳播，也可以通過(guò)血制品傳播，并且可以從患艾滋病的孕婦身上傳播給她的妊娠嬰兒。

　　有關(guān)艾滋病傳播的許多說(shuō)法是錯(cuò)誤的。與艾滋病患者一起工作或上學(xué)不會(huì)傳染上艾滋病，觸摸他們用過(guò)的飲水杯或其他東西也不會(huì)傳染上艾滋病。專家們說(shuō)：沒有人因?yàn)榕c艾滋病患者一起生活、照料艾滋病患者或觸摸艾滋病患者而染上艾滋病。

　　[參考譯文]

　　AIDS

　　AIDS is a life-threatening sickness that arracks the body’s natural defense system against disease. It can destroy the body’s ability to protect itself.

　　AIDS itself does not kill. But because the body’s defense system is damaged, the patient has little ability to fight off many other diseases, such as pneumonia, cancer, blindness and mental disorders.

　　The AIDS virus is carried in a person’s body fluids. The virus can be passed sexually or by sharing instruments used to take intravenous drugs. It also can be passed in blood products or from a pregnant woman with AIDS to her developing baby.

　　Many stories about the spread of AIDS are false. You cannot get AIDS by working or attending school with someone who has the disease. You cannot get it by touching drinking glasses or other objects used by such persons. Experts say no one has gotten AIDS by living with, caring for or touching an AIDS patient.

　　第二篇

　　漢譯英

　　世界上大多數(shù)艾滋病患者生活在非洲，并以驚人的速度大批死亡。據(jù)估計(jì)， 2003 年底非洲的艾滋病患者達(dá)到 2660 萬(wàn)人。聯(lián)合國(guó)聯(lián)合防治艾滋病計(jì)劃署是聯(lián)合國(guó)為對(duì)付艾滋病而設(shè)立的專門機(jī)構(gòu)，該機(jī)構(gòu)將要公布的最新數(shù)字可能證實(shí)艾滋病還在非洲繼續(xù)蔓延，但同時(shí)也可以說(shuō)明它蔓延的速度是維持不變，或在加快，還是在放慢。

　　艾滋病最猖獗的地區(qū)是非洲的東部和南部，在南非、津巴布韋和肯尼亞患者人數(shù)最多，疫情嚴(yán)重的國(guó)家還包括博茨瓦納和贊比亞。 1981 年艾滋病的出現(xiàn)在世界上得到確認(rèn)，沒過(guò)幾年，這種病就在非洲東部流行起來(lái)--當(dāng)?shù)厝斯芩��?瘦病"，因?yàn)榛颊叩娜菝彩侨諠u消瘦。關(guān)于這種病毒的發(fā)源地，一種說(shuō)法是發(fā)源于東剛果盆地;然而關(guān)于艾滋病來(lái)源的說(shuō)法不一，很有爭(zhēng)議，且?guī)в袧夂竦恼�治色�?這場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)論至今還遠(yuǎn)未結(jié)束。

　　整個(gè)非洲都在采取措施，最主要的是提高公眾意識(shí)和防范手段，包括建議忠實(shí)于一個(gè)性伴侶和使用避孕套。人們一般不愿使用避孕套，因?yàn)椴涣?xí)慣，還有文化方面的原因，同時(shí)它也不符合基督教和伊斯蘭教的教義，它們更強(qiáng)調(diào)自我約束。

　　在防治艾滋病的活動(dòng)中，重要的一項(xiàng)就是提倡"自愿就醫(yī)檢查"，這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，有的市政府組織的，有的是民間組織的，也有的是政府和民間共同組織的。此外，醫(yī)學(xué)研究也找到了一種辦法，雖然不能治愈，也可對(duì)患者有所幫助。

　　"全球預(yù)防艾滋病、肺結(jié)核、瘧疾基金會(huì)"是世界各國(guó)政府部門、市民社會(huì)、私人企業(yè)和患者群體的一個(gè)協(xié)作機(jī)構(gòu)，是應(yīng)聯(lián)合國(guó)秘書長(zhǎng)的號(hào)召，于 2001 年發(fā)起成立的。這一機(jī)構(gòu)為防治艾滋病的各項(xiàng)活動(dòng)提供資金。然而，即便只是為了制止艾滋病的蔓延，這也是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。

　　參考譯文

　　Most of the world's victims of AIDS live - and, at an alarming rate, die - in Africa. The number of people living with AIDS in Africa was estimated at 26.6 million in late 2003. New figures to be published by the United Nations Joint Program on AIDS ( UNAIDS )， the special UN agency set up to deal with the pandemic, will probably confirm its continued spread in Africa, but they will also show whether the rate of spread is constant, increasing or falling.

　　AIDS is most prevalent in Eastern and Southern Africa, with South Africa, Zimbabwe and Kenya having the greatest numbers of sufferers; other countries severely affected include Botswana and Zambia. AIDS was raging in Eastern Africa - where it was called "slim", after the appearance of victims wasting away - within a few years after its emergence was established in the eastern Congo basin; however, the conflicting theories about the origin of AIDS are highly controversial and politicized, and the controversy is far from being settled.

　　Measures being taken all over Africa include, first of all, campaigns of public awareness and device, including advice to remain faithful to one sexual partner and to use condoms. The latter advice is widely ignored or resisted owing to natural and cultural aversion to condoms and to Christian and Muslim teaching, which places emphasis instead on self-restraint.

　　An important part of anti- AIDS campaigns, whether organized by governments, nongovernmental organizations or both, is the extension of voluntary counseling and testing ( VCT ) .In addition, medical research has found a way to help sufferers, though not to cure them.

　　Funds for anti- AIDS efforts are provided by the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a partnership between governments, civil society, the private sector and affected communities around the world; the fund was launched following a call by the UN Secretary-General in 2001. However, much more is needed if the spread of the pandemic is to be at least halted.

　　熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注:2018年翻譯資格考試catti三級(jí)筆譯模擬題匯總（112篇）