2018年翻譯資格考試英語(yǔ)筆譯初級(jí)模擬題：母親節(jié)的來(lái)歷

　　英譯漢

　　The Story of Mother’s day

　　The earliest Mother’s Day celebrations can be traced back to the spring celebrations of ancient Greece in honor of Rhea, the Mother of the Gods. During the 1600’s, England celebrated a day called“Mothering Sunday”. Celebrated on the 4th Sunday of lent,“ Mothering Sunday”honored the mothers of England.

　　During this time many of the England’s poor worked as servants for the wealthy. As most jobs were located far from their homes, the servants would live at the houses of their employees. On Mothering Sunday the servants would have the day off and were encouraged to return home and spend the day with their mothers. A special cake, called the mothering cake, was often brought along to provide a festive touch.

　　As Christianity spread throughout Europe the celebration changed to honor the “Mother Church”— the spiritual power that gave them life and protected them from harm. Over time the church festival blended with the Mothering Sunday celebration. People began honoring their mothers as well as the church.

　　In the Unite States Mother’s Day was first suggested in 1872 by Julia Ward Howe as a day dedicated to peace. Ms. Howe would hold organized Mother’s Day meetings in Boston every year.

　　In 1907 Ana Jarvis, from Philadelphia, began a campaign to establish a national Mother’s day. Ms. Jarvis persuaded her mother’s church in Grafton, West Virginia to celebrate Mother’s Day on the second anniversary of her mother’s death, the second Sunday of May. By the next year Mother’s Day was also celebrated in Philadelphia.

　　Ms. Jarvis and her supporters began to write to ministers, businessman, and politicians in their quest to establish a national Mother’s Day. It was successful as by 1911 Mother’s Day was celebrated in almost every state. President Woodrow Wilson, in 1914, made the official announcement proclaiming Mother’s Day as a national holiday that was to be held each year on the second Sunday of May.

　　While many countries of the world celebrate their own Mother’s Day at different times throughout the year, there are some countries such as Denmark, Finland, Italy, Turkey, Australia, and Belgium which also celebrate Mother’s Day on the second Sunday of May.

　　參考譯文:

　　母親節(jié)的來(lái)歷

　　母親節(jié)最早可追溯到古希臘，人們?yōu)榱吮硎緦?duì)眾神之母瑞亞的敬重，每年春天都會(huì)舉行重大的慶祝活動(dòng)。在十七世紀(jì)，英國(guó)開(kāi)始慶祝拜望雙親日。拜望雙親日定于復(fù)活節(jié)前四旬齋的第四個(gè)星期日，表達(dá)對(duì)英國(guó)母親們的敬意。

　　此時(shí)，英國(guó)有許多窮人都在有錢人家里當(dāng)奴仆。因?yàn)樵S多工作都離自家非常遠(yuǎn)，所以奴仆們都不得不寄宿在主人家里。在拜望雙親日這天，主人們會(huì)放他們假，并鼓勵(lì)他們返回家園與母親團(tuán)聚。為了增加節(jié)日氣氛，他們總是帶一種特殊的蛋糕“母親蛋糕”回家。

　　隨著基督教在歐洲擴(kuò)散，這個(gè)節(jié)日轉(zhuǎn)為對(duì)主母教堂的慶祝，表達(dá)人們對(duì)賦予他們生命、保佑他們免于傷害的精力力量的感謝。從此，教會(huì)儀式便與拜望雙親日的慶祝活動(dòng)相結(jié)合，于是，人們除了表達(dá)對(duì)母親的敬意外，還表達(dá)對(duì)教會(huì)的尊重。

　　在美國(guó)，母親節(jié)最早是由朱莉亞.瓦德.霍于1872年提出的，她建議將這一天獻(xiàn)給“和平”，并每年在波斯頓等地舉行母親節(jié)的集會(huì)。

　　1907年，費(fèi)城的安那.賈維斯發(fā)起為了建立全國(guó)性的母親節(jié)的活動(dòng)。她勸說(shuō)位于弗吉尼亞洲西部的格拉夫頓教堂，也就是她媽媽經(jīng)常去的教堂，在她母親逝世兩周年的日子，也就是五月的第二個(gè)星期日，慶祝母親節(jié)。第二年，費(fèi)城也開(kāi)始了慶祝母親節(jié)的活動(dòng)。

　　賈維斯小姐和她的支持者們開(kāi)始給教會(huì)牧師、商人、政界要員寫信，要求建立全國(guó)性的母親節(jié)。他們的努力非常成功，1911母親節(jié)那一天幾乎所有的州都在開(kāi)展慶祝活動(dòng)。1914年，美國(guó)總統(tǒng)伍德羅.威爾遜鄭重聲明，宣布母親節(jié)為全國(guó)性節(jié)日，并于每年5月第二個(gè)星期天舉行慶�；顒�(dòng)。

　　許多國(guó)家在一年中不同的時(shí)節(jié)慶祝屬于他們自己的母親節(jié)。然而，有些國(guó)家如丹麥、土耳其、澳大利亞和比利時(shí)，都是在五月的第二個(gè)星期日慶祝母親節(jié)的。

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