2018上半年翻譯考試catti三級(jí)筆譯試題：文學(xué)作品

　　英譯漢

　　The runaway success of Stieg Larsson‟s “Millennium” trilogy suggests that when it comes to contemporary literature in translation, Americans are at least willing to read Scandinavian detective fiction. But for work from other regions, in other genres, winning the interest of big publishing houses and readers in the United States remains a steep uphill struggle.

　　Among foreign cultural institutes and publishers, the traditional American aversion to literature in translation is known as “the 3 percent problem.” But now, hoping to increase their bminuscule share of the American book market — about 3 percent — foreign governments and foundations, especially those on the margins of Europe, are taking matters into their own hands and plunging into the publishing fray in the United States. Increasingly, that campaign is no longer limited to widely spoken languages like French and German. From Romania to Catalonia to Iceland, cultural institutes and agencies are subsidizing publication of books in English, underwriting the training of translators, encouraging their writers to tour in the United States, submitting to American marketing and promotional techniques they may have previously shunned and exploiting existing niches in the publishing industry.

　　“We have established this as a strategic objective, a long-term commitment to break through the American market,” said Corina Suteu, who leads the New York branch of the European Union National Institutes for Culture and directs the Romanian Cultural Institute. “For nations in Europe, be they small or large, literature will always be one of the keys of their cultural existence, and we recognize that this is the only way we are going to be able to make that literature present in the United States.”

　　For instance, the Dalkey Archive Press, a small publishing house in Champaign, Ill., that for more than 25 years has specialized in translated works, this year began a Slovenian Literature Series, underwritten by official groups in Slovenia, once part of Yugoslavia.The series‟s first book, “Necropolis,” by Boris Pahor, is a powerful World War II concentration-camp memoir that has been compared to the best of Elie Wiesel and Primo Levi, and has been followed by Andrej Blatnik‟s “You Do Understand,” a rather absurdist but still touching collection of sketches and parables about love and intimacy.

　　Dalkey has also begun or is about to begin similar series in Hebrew and Catalan, and with Switzerland and Mexico, the last of which will consist of four books yearly for six years. In each case a financing agency in the host country is subsidizing publication and participating in promotion and marketing in the United States, an effort that can easily require $10,000 or more a book.

　　參考譯文：

　　斯蒂格·拉森(Stieg Larsson)的《千禧年》三部曲大獲成功，至少表明在現(xiàn)代文學(xué)翻譯作品中美國(guó)讀者比較偏愛(ài)北歐的偵探小說(shuō)，但是，其他地區(qū)、其他類別的小說(shuō)要想贏得美國(guó)出版社和讀者的青睞難度仍然不小。

　　外國(guó)文化研究所和出版社都知道美國(guó)人向來(lái)對(duì)文學(xué)翻譯作品不感興趣，這就是人們常說(shuō)的“3%難題”。外國(guó)文學(xué)翻譯作品在美國(guó)書市所占份額微不足道，僅為約 3%，為了增加份額，外國(guó)政府和基金會(huì)，特別是歐洲處于邊緣化的國(guó)家現(xiàn)在開始主動(dòng)出擊，加入到美國(guó)出版市場(chǎng)的爭(zhēng)奪大戰(zhàn)當(dāng)中。

　　外國(guó)文學(xué)翻譯作品市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)不再局限于法語(yǔ)和德語(yǔ)等較大語(yǔ)種，從羅馬尼亞到加泰羅尼亞再到冰島，各個(gè)文化研究機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)本國(guó)、本地區(qū)文學(xué)作品的英譯工作給予補(bǔ)貼，對(duì)翻譯培訓(xùn)提供支持，鼓勵(lì)本國(guó)、本地區(qū)作家游歷美國(guó)，開始學(xué)習(xí)曾經(jīng)不以為然的美國(guó)營(yíng)銷技巧，努力搶占美國(guó)出版業(yè)中現(xiàn)存的翻譯作品市場(chǎng)�？迫鹉取ぬK圖(Corina Suteu)是歐盟國(guó)家文化研究所紐約分部負(fù)責(zé)人，也是羅馬尼亞文化研究所所長(zhǎng)。她說(shuō)，“我們將征服美國(guó)市場(chǎng)作為一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)。對(duì)于歐洲各國(guó)而言，無(wú)論國(guó)家大小，文學(xué)將一直是各國(guó)文化的核心要素，我們也認(rèn)識(shí)到，上述舉措是讓

　　歐洲文學(xué)立足美國(guó)的必由之路�！倍嗷�出版社(Dalkey Archive Press)是位于伊利諾伊州尚佩恩(Champaign)的一個(gè)出版社,該社規(guī)模不大，過(guò)去 25 年以來(lái)一直專注于外國(guó)文學(xué)作品的翻譯出版工作，今年在斯洛文尼亞(前南斯拉夫的一個(gè)共和國(guó))官方機(jī)構(gòu)的支持之下啟動(dòng)了斯洛文尼亞文學(xué)系列的翻譯出版項(xiàng)目。該文學(xué)系列的第一部翻譯作品是由波利斯·帕赫(Boris Pahor)所著的《墓葬地》(Necropolis)。這是一部有關(guān)二戰(zhàn)期間集中營(yíng)生活的回憶錄，讀來(lái)令人震撼，有人將該作品與埃利·維瑟爾(Elie Wiesel)和普里莫·萊維(Primo Levi)的有關(guān)名著相提并論。該系列的第二部翻譯作品是安德烈·巴拉特尼克(Andrej Blatnik)的《別裝糊涂》 You Do Understand)。這本書主要是講述愛(ài)與親密關(guān)系的隨筆和寓言合集，讀來(lái)雖荒誕不經(jīng)，但卻感人至深。多基出版社的希伯來(lái)語(yǔ)和加泰羅尼亞語(yǔ)文學(xué)作品翻譯出版項(xiàng)目以及與瑞士和墨西哥等國(guó)合作的文學(xué)作品翻譯出版項(xiàng)目有的已經(jīng)開始實(shí)施，有的即將啟動(dòng)。其中，墨西哥的文學(xué)作品翻譯出版項(xiàng)目為期 6 年，每年將翻譯 4 部作品。上述各翻譯出版項(xiàng)目發(fā)起國(guó)都有專門的融資機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)翻譯出版工作提供補(bǔ)貼支持，并參與在美國(guó)的營(yíng)銷宣傳活動(dòng)。每本書的營(yíng)銷宣傳費(fèi)用至少為 1 萬(wàn)美元。