2017年catti英語(yǔ)筆譯初級(jí)模擬題:春節(jié)
【漢譯英】
春節(jié)
中國(guó)的春節(jié)在農(nóng)歷一月一日,是新一年的開始。這是舉家團(tuán)圓的時(shí)刻。一般說(shuō)來(lái),在春節(jié)前幾天,只要有可能的話,多數(shù)人無(wú)論身處何地都會(huì)回家,就像圣誕節(jié)一樣,人們會(huì)買很多東西如食品、禮物、衣服和煙花爆竹給孩子們。在除夕之夜,多數(shù)農(nóng)村家庭仍然保持著一些傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗,如在兩扇門上都貼上門神和春聯(lián)1。他們把“福”字倒貼在墻上和家具的門上,意思是“福到了”2。除夕之夜的年夜飯是必不可少的程序。全家人圍坐著一張桌子一同分享佳肴,人多的話興許不止一張桌子。家人還會(huì)為沒(méi)能趕回家的親人留些座位,仿佛他們也在一起吃似的。3年夜飯過(guò)后,大家會(huì)坐在一起,觀看中央電視臺(tái)的春節(jié)特別節(jié)目,等待新年的到來(lái)。午夜將近時(shí),特別節(jié)目也接近尾聲,這時(shí)家家戶戶都到戶外去放鞭炮,據(jù)說(shuō)這樣可以驅(qū)妖除魔。新年的早飯是很特別的,北方人吃餃子,南方人吃糯米飯團(tuán)。4走親訪友從新年的第一天就開始了,俗稱“拜年”。每到這時(shí),孩子們是最開心的,因?yàn)樗麄兛梢詮拈L(zhǎng)輩那里拿到壓歲錢,據(jù)說(shuō)壓歲錢能帶給他們好運(yùn)。新年第五天,人們祭拜財(cái)神,送走新年。
春節(jié)就結(jié)束了。
【參考譯文】
The Spring Festival
According to the Chinese lunar calendar, the Spring Festival falls on the first day of the first month, which marks the beginning of a new year. It is a time for family reunion. In most cases, just a few days before the festival, if possible, most of the family members come home, no matter where they are. And like the Christmas season, people buy a lot of things: food, gifts, clothing and fireworks for children. On the New Year's eve, most of the families in the countryside still keep the customs of pasting paintings of door gods on the two doors and couplets on either side of the doors. They put the Chinese character meaning "happiness" upside down and paste it on walls and doors of the furniture to mean "happiness has come." Feast dinner is a must for the whole family on the New Year's eve, when all the family members sit at one or more tables. Dinner seats will be arranged for the absent members as if they were also joining the dinner. After dinner, they sit together waiting for the coming of the New Year, usually by watching the CCTV special program for Spring Festival. At midnight when it is near the end of the program, every family goes out to set off firecrackers, which is said to drive evils away. Breakfast for the New Year's Day is special, Jiaozi for those in North China and small glutinous rice balls for the southerners.
Visits are exchanged to relatives and friends from the New Year's Day on, which is called "Bainian". Children are the happiest ones because they can get lucky money from their seniors.
The money is believed to bring good luck to them. On the fifth day, people celebrate the end of the Festival by worshipping the Fortune God.
注釋
1.“門神和春聯(lián)”:門神指的是門神年畫,漢語(yǔ)省略的部分英語(yǔ)應(yīng)該補(bǔ)充,painting of door gods;春聯(lián):couplets;注意春聯(lián)是復(fù)數(shù)的。
2.此句牽涉到漢語(yǔ)特有的諧音特色,如“倒”和“到”,然而英語(yǔ)很難表達(dá),可以適當(dāng)加腳注,避免文化元素的遺漏。
3.“沒(méi)能趕回來(lái)的親人”可直接譯為absent members;“留位置”分析可知是也會(huì)其安排位置的意思,可譯為:arrange the seats for...另外,須注意虛擬語(yǔ)氣的使用。
4.漢語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞性很強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言,而英語(yǔ)則相對(duì)倚重名詞或名詞性成分,所以這里“北方人吃餃子,南方人吃糯米飯團(tuán)”不需要一一對(duì)應(yīng)翻譯成兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單的句子,轉(zhuǎn)換詞性,再合并即可。參考譯文:Jiaozi for those in North China and small glutinous rice balls for the southerners.5.漢語(yǔ)十分講究“有始有終”,形式上的完整。這句可與前一句合并譯為On the fifth day,people celebrate the end of the Festival by worshipping the Fortune God.
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