國有企業(yè)改革 Reform of State-owned Enterprises (SOE)

　　擺脫困境 be extricated from their predicament

　　包工包料 contract for labor and materials

　　層層轉(zhuǎn)包和違法分包 multi-level contracting and illegal sub-contracting

　　產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu) product mix

　　產(chǎn)權(quán)清晰、權(quán)責(zé)分明、政企分開、科學(xué)管理 clearly established ownership, well defined power and responsibility, separation of enterprise from administration, and scientific management

　　產(chǎn)銷直接掛鉤 directly link production with marketing

　　產(chǎn)業(yè)的升級換代 upgrading of industries

　　產(chǎn)業(yè)高地 industrial leading position

　　產(chǎn)業(yè)關(guān)聯(lián)性 production-related association

　　產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級 optimize and upgrade the industrial structure

　　廠長負(fù)責(zé)制 system under which the factory director assumes full responsibility

　　承包經(jīng)營 contract operation

　　持續(xù)提高公司的競爭能力 achieve a lasting upturn in the company's ability to compete

　　初步建立現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度 implement a preliminary modern enterprise system

　　促銷 merchandising

　　大型企業(yè)集團(tuán) large enterprise group

　　帶薪分流 assign redundant civil servants to other jobs while allowing them to retain their original rank and benefits

　　待崗 await job assignment; post-waiting

　　待業(yè) job-waiting

　　待業(yè)人口 population waiting for employment

　　地域優(yōu)勢 geographical advantage

　　調(diào)節(jié)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行 regulate the operation of the economy

　　調(diào)整產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu) readjust the product mix

　　董事會領(lǐng)導(dǎo) leadership of the board of directors

　　對符合條件的企業(yè)實(shí)行債轉(zhuǎn)股 carry out debt-to-equity swap programs in enterprises where conditions permit

　　對外承包工程 overseas contracted engineering projects

　　防范和化解經(jīng)融風(fēng)險(xiǎn) prevent and defuse financial risks

　　分流企業(yè)富余人員 redirect surplus employees of enterprises

　　富有獻(xiàn)身精神、積極性高漲的員工隊(duì)伍 a highly motivated and committed workforce

　　改革國有資產(chǎn)管理體制 reform the state property management system

　　改善國有企業(yè)負(fù)債結(jié)構(gòu) improve the asset-liability ratios of state-owned enterprises

　　高中級工程技術(shù)人員 senior and intermediate-level engineers and technologists

　　搞活企業(yè) invigorate enterprises

　　革新重組 realignment

　　個(gè)體、私營等非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì) the non-public sector including self-employed and private businesses

　　工業(yè)產(chǎn)值 the industrial output

　　公司法人責(zé)任制 the corporate legal person responsibility system

　　公有制的多種實(shí)現(xiàn)形式 various forms for realizing public ownership

　　股份合作制 joint stock-holding partnership; the joint stock cooperative system

　　股份制 the shareholding system

　　骨干企業(yè) key enterprise

　　規(guī)范監(jiān)事會制度 standardize the board of supervisors system

　　規(guī)范破產(chǎn) standardize bankruptcy procedures

　　國家財(cái)政收入 total national revenue

　　國有大中型企業(yè) large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises

　　國有控股企業(yè) state holding enterprise

　　國有資產(chǎn)流失 the devaluation of state assets

　　合同管理制 the contract management system

　　紅帽子企業(yè) red cap enterprise

　　宏觀管理體制 the macro-control system

　　貨幣政策 monetary policy

　　技術(shù)創(chuàng)新 technological innovation

　　家用電器產(chǎn)業(yè) the home electric appliances industry

　　價(jià)格性能比 price versus performance ratio

　　兼并破產(chǎn) merger and bankruptcy

　　減少對市場變化做出反應(yīng)的時(shí)間 shorten the response time to market changes

　　減員增效 downsizing for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency

　　揭牌典禮 an official business launch

　　街道企業(yè) neighborhood enterprise

　　緊密型企業(yè)集團(tuán) tightly-knit groups of enterprises

　　競爭有序 orderly competition

　　競爭擇優(yōu) select only the best of competing offers

　　開工不足 enterprises running under their production capacity

　　虧損企業(yè) loss-making enterprises

　　虧損企業(yè)脫困 losing enterprises in the black again

　　擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需 expand domestic demand

　　來料加工 process materials supplied by clients; accept customers' materials for processing

　　勞動合同制 labor contract system

　　理順/正確處理改革、發(fā)展、穩(wěn)定的關(guān)系appropriately balance reform , development and stability

　　流通體制 the circulation system

　　龍頭 a leader

　　內(nèi)聯(lián)企業(yè) enterprises with internal connections

　　扭虧增贏 reduction of loss and increase of profits

　　培育統(tǒng)一開放、競爭有序的市場體系 cultivate a unified and open market with orderly competition

　　培育新的消費(fèi)熱點(diǎn) foster new consumption growth areas

　　激勵(lì)機(jī)制和約束機(jī)制 incentive and restraint mechanisms

　　企業(yè)文化 corporate culture

　　強(qiáng)化管理，“嚴(yán)”字當(dāng)頭 tighten up management and put strict observance above all else

　　強(qiáng)化社區(qū)服務(wù)功能 strengthen the function of community

　　強(qiáng)強(qiáng)聯(lián)合 association between strong enterprises

　　全面提高勞動者素質(zhì) improve the overall quality of the workforce

　　全球銷售服務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò) the global sales and after-sales service network

　　融中國現(xiàn)代產(chǎn)業(yè)于世界經(jīng)濟(jì)主流integrate China's modern industry with the mainstream of the world’s economy

　　三無企業(yè) three-no-enterprises

　　商檢局 Commodity Inspection Bureau

　　商業(yè)運(yùn)作 business dealings

　　深化流通體制改革 deepen the reform of the distribution system

　　生物醫(yī)藥產(chǎn)業(yè) the bioengineering and pharmaceutical industry

　　石油化工產(chǎn)業(yè) the petrochemical industry

　　實(shí)行投資主體多元化 Sources of investment must be diversified

　　時(shí)常多元化戰(zhàn)略 market diversification strategy

　　售后服務(wù) after-sales service

　　樹立企業(yè)良好形象 foster a good company image

　　統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、突出重點(diǎn)、分步實(shí)施 a comprehensive plan that should focus on key areas and be carried out in a step-by-step manner

　　投身于變化的過程中 be committed to the process of change

　　完善法人治理結(jié)構(gòu) improve the corporate government

　　西部大開發(fā) the large-scale development strategy in west China

　　下崗分流 redirect laid-off workers

　　下海 go in for business

　　興建南水北調(diào)工程 build the south-to-north water diversion project

　　虛擬經(jīng)濟(jì)和實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì) virtual economy and real economy

　　養(yǎng)老、失業(yè)、醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)金 old-age , unemployment and medical insurance premiums

　　一刀切 impose uniformity in all cases; allow no flexibility

　　一體化生產(chǎn) integrated production

　　以市場為導(dǎo)向 taking the market as the orientation

　　以質(zhì)取勝 implement the strategy of success through quality

　　引入競爭機(jī)制 introduce competition mechanisms

　　優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu) optimize structure

　　優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)過程 optimize production processes

　　優(yōu)化組合 optimization grouping; optional regrouping

　　優(yōu)勢互補(bǔ) take advantage of each other's strength

　　再就業(yè)服務(wù)中心 re-employment service center

　　再就業(yè)工程 re-employment programs

　　在業(yè)人口 working population

　　政府搭臺，部門推動，企業(yè)唱戲 Governments set up the stage, various departments cooperate and enterprises put in the show.

　　支柱產(chǎn)業(yè) pillar industries

　　知識密集型產(chǎn)業(yè) knowledge-intensive projects

　　中心環(huán)節(jié) the pivotal point

　　抓大放小 invigorate large enterprises while relaxing control over small ones; focus on the restructuring of major enterprises and leave minor ones to fend for themselves

　　轉(zhuǎn)化機(jī)制 shift to new management mechanisms

　　轉(zhuǎn)化經(jīng)營機(jī)制 change operating mechanism

　　裝備精良 state-of-the-art equipment

　　資金技術(shù)密集型產(chǎn)業(yè) capital-and-technology-intensive industries

　　勞動密集型產(chǎn)業(yè) labor-intensive industries

　　自負(fù)盈虧 be responsible for their own profits and losses