2016年CATTI三級筆譯語法講義四
獨立主格與非謂語動詞：
獨立主格
獨立主格的結構一： 名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞]
Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper __ it closely.
A followed B following C to follow D being followed
All things __, the planned trip will have to be called off.
A considered B be considered C considering D having considered
獨立主格的結構2：with + 名詞(代詞)+ 分詞 [句子當中作狀語]
After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid on expanding education, with girls as well as boys __ to go to school.
A to be encouraged B been encouraged C being encouraged D be encouraged
非謂語動詞
非謂語動詞的結構：分詞(分詞短語)
句子的主語決定非謂語動詞中的分詞是用主動還是被動形式。如果是句子的主語發(fā)出動作，則使用現(xiàn)在分詞;如果動作不是由句子的主語發(fā)出，則使用過去分詞。
43.No matter how frequently __, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.
A performed B performing C to be performed D being performed
perform vt. 表演，演出，演奏;
to be performed 將要被演奏; being performed 正在被演奏;
一些特殊的動詞：
第一個：remember 記住;
62. I remember __ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
A once offering B him once offering C him to offer D to offer him
第二個：want 想要;
48. Your hair wants __. You'd better have it done tomorrow.
A cut B cutting C to cut D being cut
18. This room is so dirty that it wants __.
A cleaning B to clean C being cleaned D cleaned
第三個：mean 意味;
25. There's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means __ trouble.
A making B to make C to have made D having made
非謂語動詞的譯法
1.Even when we turn off the beside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. (現(xiàn)在分詞正常使用)
即使在我們關掉了床頭燈深深地進入夢鄉(xiāng)時, 電仍在為我們工作: 幫我們開動電冰箱, 把水加熱, 或使室內空調機繼續(xù)運轉。
2.Taking the train, the two friends arrived in Berlin in late October 1922, and went directly to the address of Chou-En Lai.
他們兩個人坐火車于1922年3月到柏林，立即去周恩來的住處。
The farmer of 1800, using a hand sickle, could hope to cut a fifth of a hectare of wheat a day.
在1800年，一個農民，使用鐮刀，在一天內可望收割五分之一公頃小麥。
3.When Chou En Lai’s door opened they saw a slender man of more than average height with gleaming eyes and a face so striking that it bordered on the beautiful.
周恩來的房門打開時，他們看到的是一個身材瘦小、比普通人略高一點的人，兩眼閃著光輝，面貌很引人注意，稱得上清秀。
4.With the prices and house rents increasing rapidly, many young university graduates cannot earn their living, let alone support parents.
隨著物價和房租迅速上漲，許多年輕大學畢業(yè)生無法掙錢養(yǎng)活自己，更不用說贍養(yǎng)父母。
5.Situated at the base of the Mt. Lofty Ranges, Adelaide enjoys a Mediterranean climate.
阿德萊德位于羅夫迪嶺山麓，屬地中海型氣候。
This area, noted for its beautiful scenery, was counted as one of the eight outstanding views of Beijing.
附近風光秀麗，過去是燕京八景之一。
6.Ignoring the chair offered him, Chu Teh stood squarely before this youth more than ten years his junior and in a level voice told him who he was.
朱德顧不得來過來的椅子，端端正正地站在這個比他年輕十幾歲的青年面前，用平穩(wěn)的語調說明自己的身份。
