員工培訓(xùn)

　　(1) How do you think a supervisor should select employees for training courses?

　　作為主管，你覺(jué)得應(yīng)該如何挑選員工參與培訓(xùn)課程?

　　As a supervisor, you must be impartial(公平的) in selecting employees for training. You should base your training decisions on sound management practices without regard to factors such as race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, national origin, disability, or age.

　　(2) Is it important for you to be offered opportunities for training in a job?(Why?/Why not?)

　　在工作中有機(jī)會(huì)接受培訓(xùn)，對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)重要嗎?(為什么?)

　　Yes, training is important for me to handle new and more demanding assignments, maintain effective and satisfactory performance. Offering employees training should be the obligation of modern organizations.

　　(3) How to make a training course successful?

　　如何使培訓(xùn)有成效?

　　To make training effective, you should consider location, making sure that you choose an appropriate location for your presentation, and eliminate environmental distractions, such as noise, poor seating arrangements, poor lighting, etc.

　　(4) Who do you think should contribute towards the cost of employees’ training, the employees or the employer?(Why?)

　　員工培訓(xùn)的費(fèi)用該由誰(shuí)承擔(dān)，員工還是雇主?(為什么?)

　　The employer should pay for the training, because employees are the greatest asset of modern organization and paying for training is just a kind of investment.

　　PART TWO: Mini-presentation

　　What’s important when…

　　Choosing a training program to attend 挑選培訓(xùn)課程時(shí)，需要考慮哪些點(diǎn)：

　　l Content/subjects covered 培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容

　　l Trainer 培訓(xùn)教師

　　l

　　When choosing a training program, it’s important to consider the training content. As we know, the purpose of training is to improve your knowledge, skills and abilities needed for high quality performance and optimum contributions to the goals and objectives of your organization, so whether the subjects covered is targeted at your KSA of your job and whether the content is above your level are crucial. Otherwise it would be a waste of time and money.

　　In addition to content, trainers’ qualification and status are important. To make a training course effective, trainers play an important role. Qualification and status can at least prove that trainers’ KSA are of higher level, if not profound level, while trainers’ experience can guarantee effective training techniques and strategies, thus ensuring interesting, responsive and quality training.

　　Besides, location of training cannot be overlooked. Place of interest is preferable. Experts, together with beautiful scenery, make the training more attractive to trainees. Everyone would agree that it is a good idea to kill two birds with one stone.

　　Length of training cannot be ignored either, training shouldn’t last too long or too short. Lengthy training will be boring and tiring, while too short training inadequate.

　　當(dāng)選擇一個(gè)培訓(xùn)課程，考慮培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容是很重要的。因?yàn)槲覀冎�道，培�?xùn)的目的是改善知識(shí)、技能和能力以達(dá)到高質(zhì)量高性能的需求，并且為公司的目標(biāo)做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)。因此，培訓(xùn)是否涵蓋培訓(xùn)工作中的知識(shí)、技能和能力以及內(nèi)容是否超越你的水平至關(guān)重要。否則，將會(huì)是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間和金錢。

　　除了培訓(xùn)的內(nèi)容，培訓(xùn)講師的資格和地位是很重要的。為了使培訓(xùn)課程有效果，講師擔(dān)當(dāng)了重要的角色。資格和地位至少證明了講師的KSA處于高水平。如果不具有資深的水平，講師的培訓(xùn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)也能保證有效的培訓(xùn)技巧和培訓(xùn)策略，因此,確保其是一個(gè)有趣味性、及時(shí)性和高質(zhì)量的培訓(xùn)。

　　除此之外，培訓(xùn)的場(chǎng)所也不能被忽略。有趣的地方是最好的。專家們聚集在一個(gè)風(fēng)景秀麗的地點(diǎn)，可以使學(xué)員對(duì)培訓(xùn)更感興趣。大家都同意這是一個(gè)一石二鳥(niǎo)的好方法。

　　培訓(xùn)的長(zhǎng)度也不能被忽視。培訓(xùn)不應(yīng)該持續(xù)太長(zhǎng)或太短時(shí)間。太長(zhǎng)的培訓(xùn)會(huì)讓給感到厭倦和勞累，同時(shí)太短的培訓(xùn)是不夠的。

　　Training involves an expert working with learners to transfer to them certain areas of knowledge or skills to improve in their current jobs.

　　培訓(xùn)就是專家向?qū)W員傳授某一領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)和技能以改進(jìn)他們的現(xiàn)有工作。

　　Development is a broad, ongoing multifaceted set of activities (training activities among them)to bring someone or an organization up to another threshold of performance, often to perform some job or new role in the future.

　　發(fā)展是廣泛的、持續(xù)的、多方面的系列活動(dòng)(培訓(xùn)活動(dòng)只是其中之一)，目的在于將某個(gè)人活著某個(gè)組織的的業(yè)績(jī)提高到一個(gè)層次，通常是為將來(lái)從事某一工作或承擔(dān)新的角色做準(zhǔn)備。

　　Typical Reasons for Employee Training and Development

　　員工培訓(xùn)與發(fā)展的主要理由

　　Training and development can be initiated for a variety of reasons for an employee or group of employee, e.g.:

　　員工的培訓(xùn)和發(fā)展理由多種多樣，如：

　　(1) When a performance appraisal indicates performance improvement is needed

　　當(dāng)績(jī)效考核表明員工的績(jī)效需要改進(jìn)時(shí);

　　(2) To “ benchmark” the status of improvement so far in a performance improvement effort.

　　以衡量某績(jī)效改進(jìn)措施實(shí)施后的改進(jìn)情況;

　　(3) As part of an overall professional development program

　　是總的職業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)劃的組成部分;

　　(4) As part of succession planning to help an employee be eligible for a planned change in role in the organization

　　是崗位接替計(jì)劃的組成部分，幫助員工在組織中有計(jì)劃地改變角色，并能勝任。

　　(5) To “pilot”, or test, the operation of a new performance management system.

　　以測(cè)試新的績(jī)效管理體系的運(yùn)作情況;

　　(6) To train about a specific topic (see below)

　　(7) 就某個(gè)特別專題進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)(見(jiàn)下文)

　　Typical topics of employee training

　　員工培訓(xùn)的主要專題

　　(1) Communications: the increasing diversity of today’s workforce brings a wide variety of languages and customs.

　　交際能力：當(dāng)今日益多樣化的勞動(dòng)力帶來(lái)多種多樣的語(yǔ)言和風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。

　　(2) Computer skills: Computer skills are becoming a necessity for conducting administrative and office tasks.

　　計(jì)算機(jī)操作技能：從事管理和辦公室工作，計(jì)算機(jī)操作技能必不可少。

　　(3) Customer service: increased competition in today’s global marketplace makes it critical that employees understand and meet the needs of customers.

　　客戶服務(wù)：面對(duì)當(dāng)今全球化市場(chǎng)日益激烈的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，員工把握和滿足顧客的需求是極為關(guān)鍵的。

　　(4) Diversity: Diversity training usually includes explanation about how people have different perspectives and views, and includes techniques to value diversity.

　　差異性：差異性培訓(xùn)包括解釋分析人們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)有迥然不同的觀點(diǎn)和視角，及尊重差異性技巧與方法。

　　(5) Ethics: Today’s society has increasing expectations about corporate social responsibility. Also, today’s diverse workforce brings a wide variety of values and morals to the workplace.

　　倫理道德：當(dāng)今社會(huì)對(duì)企業(yè)社會(huì)責(zé)任的期待與日俱增。同時(shí)，當(dāng)今的勞動(dòng)力來(lái)自不同的文化背景，(因而)給工作場(chǎng)所帶來(lái)不同的價(jià)值與道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

　　(6) Human relations: the increased stresses of today’s workplace can include misunderstandings and conflict. Training can make people get along in the workplace.

　　人際關(guān)系：當(dāng)今工作場(chǎng)所的壓力包括誤解和沖突。培訓(xùn)能讓人們?cè)诠ぷ鲌?chǎng)所和睦相處。

　　(7) Quality initiatives: Initiatives such as Total Quality Management. Quality Circles, benchmarking, etc.

　　質(zhì)量措施：質(zhì)量措施如全面質(zhì)量管理、質(zhì)量研討小組、衡量質(zhì)量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺度等的實(shí)施都需要進(jìn)行關(guān)于質(zhì)量概念、質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等方面的基本培訓(xùn)。

　　(8) Safety: Safety training is critical where working with heavy equipment, hazardous chemicals, repetitive activities, etc. but can also be useful with practical advice for avoiding assaults, etc.

　　安全：設(shè)計(jì)重型設(shè)備、危險(xiǎn)化學(xué)品、令人厭煩的重復(fù)性操作等的工作場(chǎng)所，對(duì)員工進(jìn)行安全培訓(xùn)很關(guān)鍵。安全培訓(xùn)給員工提供實(shí)用的建議，還有助于員工避免遭受人身襲擊等。

　　(9) Sexual harassment: Sexual harassment training usually includes careful description of the organisation’s policies about sexual harassment, especially about what are inappropriate behaviors.

　　防止性騷擾：防止性騷擾培訓(xùn)通常包括詳細(xì)傳達(dá)公司關(guān)于性騷擾的政策，有其得明示哪些行為屬于侵犯行為。

　　General Benefits from Employee Training and Development

　　員工培訓(xùn)與開(kāi)發(fā)的主要意義

　　There are numerous sources of on-line information about training and development.

　　有關(guān)培訓(xùn)和發(fā)展的網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息可謂多如牛毛。

　　Several of these sites suggest reasons for supervisors to conduct training among employees. These reasons include:

　　有些網(wǎng)站說(shuō)明了培訓(xùn)員工的意義。這些意義包括：

　　(1) Increased job satisfaction and morale among employees.

　　提高員工的工作滿意度和士氣;

　　(2) Increased employee motivation.

　　有利于激勵(lì)員工;

　　(3) Increased efficiencies in processes, resulting in financial gain.

　　提高工作效率，從而獲得經(jīng)濟(jì)收益;

　　(4) Increased capacity to adopt new technologies and methods.

　　通過(guò)接受新技術(shù)、新方法提高生產(chǎn)力

　　(5) Increased innovation in strategies and products.

　　促進(jìn)策略和產(chǎn)品的創(chuàng)新

　　(6) Reduced employee turnover.

　　減少員工流失

　　(7) Enhanced company image, e.g., conducting ethics training (not a good reason for ethics training).

　　提升企業(yè)形象，如道德培訓(xùn)(提升企業(yè)形象不正是到的培訓(xùn)的最好理由嗎);

　　(8) Risk management, e.g., training about sexual harassment, diversity training.

　　風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理，如防性騷擾、差異性培訓(xùn)。

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