2019年商務(wù)英語(yǔ)高級(jí)閱讀試題（19）

　　Who Benefits Most from Company Training?

　　According to recent research, the better educated and thehigher up the socio¬economic scale you are, the more likelyyou are to be offered workplace training. And, incidentally, themore likely you are to then turn (19) the offer, pleading familyand personal commitments or (20) of work. Less qualified staff,on the other hand, are offered fewer training opportunities, butare more eager to (21) them up. In fact, people with few or no educational qualifications are threetimes more likely to accept training when it is offered.

　　In the majority of companies, more (22) are allocated to management training than to otherareas. Employers (23) their better qualified staff as more important to the business, so they paythem accordingly and invest more in them in (24) of training. This is (25) by the fact thatorganisations are dependent on properly (26) managers making the right decisions. But this (27)may mean that companies are (28) other parts of the workforce down.

　　The researchers found a growing demand for training among the lower-skilled.Unfortunatelythis demand is not being (29) by employers, even though there are strong indications thatcompanies would benefit from doing so. They also discovered that, despite the substantial (30)between the training provided for managers and that offered to other staff, there was stillwidespread endorsement of training.

　　For the purposes of the research, training was defined as any (31) of planned instruction ortuition provided by an employer with the aim of helping employees do their work better. Ittherefore included a wide variety of approaches. On-the-job and classroom training (32)to be usedequally by employers. But learning on the job, which involved observing a certain procedure andthen practising it, was easily the most popular method for all categories of employee. While manyfelt that learning from colleagues was best,very few (33) the internet as an effective way to train.

　　19.A back B over C down D off

　　20.A force B pressure C strain D load

　　21.A pick B keep C take D put

　　22.A means B reserves C finances D resources

　　23.A imagine B regard C suppose D know

　　24.A requirements B specifications C states D terms

　　25.A allowed B approved C justified D accepted

　　26.A understanding B intelligent C informed D knowledgeable

　　27.A stress B emphasis C weight D strength

　　28.A letting B cutting C breaking D setting

　　29.A reached B achieved C gained D met

　　30.A space B gap C hole D room

　　31.A frame B structure C form D order

　　32.A showed B appeared C demonstrated D presented

　　33.A rated B thought C marked D believed

　　參考答案及解析

　　誰(shuí)從公司培訓(xùn)中獲益最多?

　　第一段的三個(gè)空需要在理解整體的基礎(chǔ)上聯(lián)系起來(lái)進(jìn)行選擇。根據(jù)調(diào)查，受教育程度越高，越有可能接受公司的培訓(xùn)。And, incidentally，這里最好能理解下incidentally的意思：used to introduce a new topic, or some extra information, or a question that you have just thought of (引出新話題、附加信息、或臨時(shí)想到的問(wèn)題)順便提一句。你越接受培訓(xùn)，越有可能拒絕這份工作，苦苦哀求的家人、個(gè)人承諾以及工作壓力。相反倒是接受培訓(xùn)較少的員工，可能會(huì)接受他們(指前面被拒絕的這些東西)。19題選turn down拒絕，21題與turn down對(duì)應(yīng)，選take up接收。

　　22題，更多資源被分配給了管理層培訓(xùn)而不是其他地方。training也是一種資源。

　　23題，regard….as固定搭配。雇主認(rèn)為他們具有更好知識(shí)的員工更為重要。

　　24題，in terms of固定短語(yǔ)，就….而論，在…..方面。

　　25題，根據(jù)上下文意思來(lái)選擇。前面說(shuō)花在管理層的培訓(xùn)更多，這一句實(shí)際上是介紹原因：組織有賴于消息靈通的經(jīng)理們做出正確的決定。25題，justify證明….正確。組織依賴于經(jīng)理們所作的正確決定的事實(shí)證明了把更多的培訓(xùn)花在他們身上是正確的。

　　26，informed，見(jiàn)多識(shí)廣的，消息靈通的。商務(wù)英語(yǔ)中常見(jiàn)的一個(gè)常見(jiàn)說(shuō)法是keep informed(It is a good way to keep staff informed)，所以看到這個(gè)詞應(yīng)該就很敏感。

　　27題，emphasis強(qiáng)調(diào)(Emphasis is special or extra importance that is given to an activity or to a part or aspect of something.)，指培訓(xùn)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)在經(jīng)理們的身上。

　　28題，let down使失望，這種側(cè)重讓其他員工失望。

　　29題，meet the demand滿足需要。雖然對(duì)低技術(shù)職員的培訓(xùn)需求在增長(zhǎng)，但經(jīng)理們并沒(méi)有滿足這樣的需要。

　　30題，兩者之間的巨大缺口，gap。

　　31題，any form of 任何形式的計(jì)劃好的說(shuō)明。

　　32題，后面的一句有個(gè)BUT，也就是轉(zhuǎn)折，所以前面用appeared to be，看起來(lái)像是。

　　33題，rate as固定用法，把某事物評(píng)價(jià)為