2018年商務(wù)英語考試高級寫作詞匯及例句：P

　　P

　　p.a. (n.) (=per annum) per year每年

　　[例] The starting salary will be ￡24,000 p.a.

　　PA (n.)1. personal assistant 私人助理

　　2.personal account 個人賬戶

　　3.power of attorney 授權(quán)書;委托書

　　package [ 5pAkidV ] (adj.) of a whole set整批的

　　[例] a package deal

　　[同義詞] bundle, pack

　　packaging [ 5pAkidViN ] (n.) material used to wrap goods for display 包裝材料

　　[例] It is necessary to improve the packaging.

　　packing [ 5pAkiN ] (v.)包裝 (n.) the way products are packaged包裝(法)

　　[例] The packing of the candy is so trendy!

　　papers(n) an official document, especially one establishing the identity of the bearer 證件

　　[例] Show me your papers!

　　passbook (n) a book held by a depositor in which his or her deposits and withdrawals are recorded by the bank [同義詞]bankbook

　　parent company (n.) company which owns more than 50% of the shares of another company母公司

　　[例] The parent company of the complex organization is located in the US.

　　part-time (adj.) working for only part of the working day兼職的

　　[例] Part-time employees now have to be nationally insured on exactly the same basis as full-time employees.

　　participate [ pB:5tisipeit ] (v.) take part in參與

　　[例] The workshop will be run again next month, so you’ll have an opportunity to participate.

　　participation [ pB:7tisi5peiFEn ] (n.)activity of taking part in 參與

　　partnership [ 5pB:tnEFip ](n.) business where two or more people share risks and profits合伙經(jīng)營

　　[例] They are partnership so that they can share the risks and the profits.

　　patent [ 5peitEnt, 5pAtEnt ] (n.) official registration of a new invention專利

　　[例] This patent right is valid for 5 years.

　　pay-day (n) the day on which employees' salaries or wages are paid發(fā)薪日

　　[例] Oh, I have to wait another week till the pay-day----I can not make ends meet!

　　pay package (n.) all the elements in pay, i.e. basic pay, overtime, bonus, non-financial benefits綜合工資

　　[例] Pay package includes all the elements in pay.

　　pay packet (n.) wage, often in cash(附工資及工資單的)工資袋，工資

　　[例] I’d like to get pay packet every week.

　　take-home pay salary after deductions including tax凈收入

　　payroll [ 5peirEul ] 1.(n.) all employees employed by a company職工名冊

　　2. (n.) the wage bill of a company薪金名冊

　　[例] His name didn’t appear in the payroll.

　　peak [ pi:k ] (n.) highest point頂峰

　　[例] His business career has reached the peak.

　　[同義詞] top, summit, pinnacle

　　pending (adj) not yet decided or settled; awaiting conclusion or confirmation 代定的

　　[例] The project of the merger till now is still pending and is supposed to reach an agreement next month.

　　penetrate [ 5penitreit ] (v.) get into a market(進(jìn)入)市場

　　[例] Nowadays the sales advertising penetrates all aspects of the customers’ life.

　　penetration [ peni5treiFEn ] (n.) percentage of a target market that you reach進(jìn)入市場

　　pension [ 5penFEn ] (n.) amount of money paid regularly after a person stops work, either because of or age or illness養(yǎng)老金

　　[例] Is ￡140 per week, plus a pension, better than ￡200 per week without?

　　[同義詞] annuity

　　perform [ pE5fC:m ] (v.) do well or badly表現(xiàn)

　　[例] Sometimes employees don’t perform at the required standard because they don’t know what the standard is.

　　performance [ pE5fC:mEns ] (n.) action of doing something well or badly表現(xiàn)

　　[例] In the final analysis workers should feel that any criticisms made of their performance were fair and justified.

　　performance appraisal (n.) procedure for evaluating a person’s work based on how well or badly they have done their work績效評價

　　[例] At the end of each year, they all have performance appraisals.

　　performance-related pay (n) pay given to employee according to his or her real performance in the job與業(yè)績掛鉤的發(fā)薪法

　　[例] It is fair to adopt a system of performance-related pay which will undoubtedly motivate our men.

　　periodical [ 7piEri5CdikEl ] (n.) a publication issued at regular intervals of more than one day期刊

　　[例] company periodicals

　　[同義詞] journal, magazine

　　perishables (n) something, especially foodstuff, subject to decay or spoilage 易腐食品

　　[例] Milk and fresh fruits are perishables , so it is better to sell them on local market.

　　perk [ pE:k ] (n.) benefit given to a worker by his company in addition to salary - company car, private health insurance, etc額外津貼.

　　[例] The year-end perk does excite all the staff.

　　personnel [ 7pE:sE5nel ] (n.) people employed by a company員工

　　[例] Personnel management is directed mainly at the organization’s employees.

　　petty cash (n.) small amount of notes and coins available in an office to pay for small items零用現(xiàn)金

　　[例] Your company can withdraw no more than 10,000 USD monthly as petty cash from the bank.

　　phase out (n.) stop slowly or in controlled stages逐步停止或控制

　　[例] We have phased out perks at managerial level because they aren’t appropriate.

　　photocopier [5fEJtEJkRpIE(r)] (n.)Xerox machine 復(fù)印機(jī)

　　pick [ pik ] (v.) to withdraw from stock the components needed for production or withdraw the finished products for shipment to the customer提取,收回

　　[例] He picked the finished products for shipment the day before yesterday.

　　picking list (n.) form used to pick manufacturing or shipping orders 清單

　　[例] If you have checked the picking list carefully, you won’t make a mistake.

　　pilot [ 5pailEt ] (n.) test which will be extended if successful實驗性的

　　[例] a pilot project

　　pipeline [ 5paip7lain ] (n.) channel of flow商品供應(yīng)線

　　[例] Are there any new product in the pipeline?

　　PIN (personal identification number ) 個人密碼

　　pirate [ 5paiErit ] (v ) to make use of or reproduce (another's work) without authorization 盜版

　　[例] Pirated VCDs and DVDs have caused huge loss of movie studios.

　　pitch [ pitF ] (v.) to attempt to promote or sell, often in a high-pressure manner 銷售

　　[例] Instead of depending on ads pitched to China’s 56 m people with pcs and Internet access, they have focused on selling online content to the 200 m Chinese with cell phones.

　　[同義詞] sell

　　plant [ plB:nt ] (n.) factory工廠

　　[例] The fire plant being built is a joint investment project.

　　plant capacity (n.) amount which can be produced by a factory工廠設(shè)備(生產(chǎn))能力

　　plc public limited company 股票上市公司

　　plough back (v.) to reinvest再投資

　　[例] All our profits have been ploughed back into the business.

　　plug (v) to publicize (a product, for example) favorably, as by mentioning on a broadcast公開推薦

　　[例] He plugged that new shampoo on the radio giving it a good promotion.

　　point of sale (n.) = POS place where a product is sold銷售地點(diǎn)

　　policy [ 5pClisi ] (n.) way of doing something方針

　　[例] What is the company policy on discounts?

　　poll [ pEJl ] (n) a survey of the public or of a sample of public opinion to acquire information 民意調(diào)查

　　[例] We need to conduct a poll to find out customers’ preference.

　　portfolio [ pC:t5fEuljEu ] (n.) range, collection of investment投資組合

　　[例] a portfolio of shares

　　portfolio management buying/selling a range of shares for a client投資組合管理

　　[例] We can introduce portfolio management to you if you want to buy shares of that company.

　　postcode (US: zip code) a service mark used for a system designed to expedite the sorting and delivery of mail by assigning a series of numbers to each delivery area in the country 郵編

　　[例] Please put your postcode on the envelop.

　　position [ pE5ziFEn ] (n.) place or way a product is perceived in a market(市場)定位

　　[例] The brand has created a up market position and been popular in the circle of rich family.

　　positioning [ pE5ziFEniN ] (n.) creating an image for a product in a particular sector of a market(市場)定位

　　[例] How to set up an appropriate positioning for this new kind of product is crucial to the sales volume of the company.

　　postpone [ pEust5pEun ] (v.) to delay until a future time; put off推遲

　　[例] postpone a meeting

　　potential [pE5tenF(E)l]1. (n.) person’s possibilities for future development潛力

　　[例] The organization has an obligation to give every employee an opportunity to grow and to realize his or her full potential.

　　2. (adj.) possible in future 有潛力的

　　[例] our potential customers

　　PR PUBLIC RELATIONS公共關(guān)系

　　PR (public relations) 公關(guān)dept.of PR

　　[例] As the company’s PR manager, she has to pay special attention to the company’s image.

　　preference share (n) shares which receive their dividends before all other shares and which are repaid first if the company is liquidated 優(yōu)先股

　　[例] She bought preference shares that carry no voting rights.

　　predatory pricing (n) the pricing of goods and services at a very low level to force out competitors 掠奪性定價

　　[例] The firm is using predatory pricing to beat other rivals.

　　proceeds (n) the money from selling something收益

　　[例] The proceeds in the last month increased sharply.

　　prompt day (n) the day on which goods bought at a commodity exchange are due for payment清帳日

　　[例] The goods will be delivered before the prompt day.

　　proprietary [ prE5praiEtEri ] (adj) of a product which is made and owned by a particular company 獨(dú)家制造的

　　[例] proprietary brands

　　proviso [ prE5vaizEu ] (n) a clause in a document making a qualification, condition, or restriction 附加條文

　　[例] We will sign the agreement with a proviso that we are the exclusive agent in China.

　　purchasing power (n) 1.the ability to purchase, generally measured by income 個人和組織的購買力

　　[例] With the rapid development of China’s economy, purchasing power of her people has been greatly increased.

　　2.the value of a particular monetary unit in terms of the goods or services that can be purchased with it 貨幣的購買力

　　[例] a decrease in the purchasing power of CNY

　　premise [ 5premis ] (n.) real estate 房產(chǎn)

　　[例] Price includes premises plus equipment and raw materials.

　　prestige value (擁有奢侈品的)榮耀感

　　[例] the prestige value of owning a Benz

　　priority [ prai5Criti ] (n.) precedence, especially established by order of importance or urgency 優(yōu)先(權(quán))

　　[例] The most important priority on long-haul flights is comfortable seats.

　　prioritize [ praI`CrItaIz, `praIErI- ] (v.) to put things in order of importance 優(yōu)先考慮

　　[例] Everyone should take time to be alone, to prioritize and meditate.

　　[同義詞] preference, superiority

　　probation [ prE5beiFEn ] (n.) period of testing a new employee試用(期);見習(xí)(期)

　　[例] The newly recruited employees are still in probation.

　　[同義詞] trial, apprenticeship

　　process [ prE5ses ] (n.) system(s) used to manufacture products工藝,程序

　　[例] Embroidering is a slow process.

　　procure [ prE5kjuE ] (v.) to buy獲得,購買

　　procurement [ prE5kjuEmEnt ] (n.) activity of buying獲得,購買的行為

　　[例] The procurement of that antique cost us a lot of money.

　　produce [ prE5dju:s ] (n.)farm products, especially fresh fruits and vegetables農(nóng)產(chǎn)品

　　[例] Fresh produce exporting needs fast delivery.

　　product life cycle (n.) period of time from the introduction of a new product into the marketplace until its decline and withdrawal產(chǎn)品壽命周期

　　product mix (n.) group of individual product types and the volumes produced that represent the total production volume一個企業(yè)出售的各類產(chǎn)品, 產(chǎn)品組合, 一種產(chǎn)品的不同型式

　　[例] Usually an individual has several product mixes in order to maximize his satisfaction.

　　production cycle (n.) time needed to produce an item 生產(chǎn)周期

　　[例] That product has a long production cycle.

　　productive [ prE5dQktiv ] (adj.) producing well or much多產(chǎn)的

　　[例] There is also a general feeling that employees whose health, safety and welfare are well looked after by the employer will be more productive.

　　[同義詞] fertile, rich, fruitful

　　productivity [ 7prCdQk5tiviti ] (n.) output rate per worker or per machine生產(chǎn)力

　　[例] Innovations have been and are being made to increase productivity.

　　profile [ 5prEufail ] (n.)1.characteristics of something簡介

　　[例] You can look through the profiles of the applicants in this book.

　　2.image形象

　　[例] Untill recently, Senator Cliton had maintained a fairly low profile in Washington but she is now being identified as the most likely opponent to the Republican challenger

　　profit [ 5prCfit ] (n.) money gained from doing business利潤

　　[例] We gain profit from the experience.

　　operating profit (n.) profits from normal trading of a company營業(yè)利潤

　　profit and loss account (n.) accounts showing income and expenditure損益帳戶

　　[例] Income statement belongs to profit and loss account because it can show us income and expenditure.

　　press [ pres ] (n.) newspapers and magazines新聞媒介

　　[例] Using press to advertise is an effective method to enlarge the influence of the brand.

　　market price price which people are willing to pay 市場價

　　retail price price paid by final customer零售價

　　[例] Actually the retail price is reasonably set for our end users.

　　profit [ 5prCfit ] (n.) money gained from doing business利潤

　　[例] In this report, the proposed plan to build a supermarket in that densely populated area can bring immeasurable profits.

　　operating profit profits from normal trading of a company營業(yè)利潤

　　profitability [ 7prCfitE5biliti ] (n.) ability to make a profit盈利能力

　　profitable (adj.) which makes a profit有利可圖的

　　[例] I will not do that business unless it is profitable.

　　[同義詞] lucrative, paying, remunerative

　　project [ 5prCdVekt ] (n.) plan方案

　　[例] The project sounds fascinating but infeasible.

　　projected (adj.) planned/forecast計劃/預(yù)測的

　　promote [ prE5mEut ] (v.) 1. give someone a better job晉升

　　[例] Up to now we’ve promoted the analyst/programmers to junior project leaders.

　　2. advertise 促銷

　　promotion [ prE5mEuFEn ] (n.) 1. act of giving someone a better job晉升

　　[例] He got a promotion for the high sales volume this month.

　　2. all means of communicating a message about a product or service促銷

　　[例] The failure of the new product promotion lies in the business secrets release by someone.

　　proprietor [ prE5praiEtE ] (n.) one who owns or owns and manages a business or other such establishment.所有者，經(jīng)營者

　　[例] The proprietor’s son will take over when Mr. Richards retires in two years.

　　[同義詞] owner, possessor, holder

　　prospective [ prEs5pektiv ] (adj.) likely to become or be 潛在的

　　[例] our prospective customers

　　[同義詞] future, coming, approaching

　　prospectus [ prEs5pektEs ] (n.) 1. sales document which tries to convince the customer, usually using a serious approach廣告宣傳資料

　　[例] Would you please revise the draft of this important prospectus in a more convincing tone?

　　2. document issued by a company offering shares for sale招股說明書

　　prototype [ 5prEutEtaip ] (n.) first model of a new product原型

　　[例] The prototype of the car will be exhibited in a grand show this spring.

　　[同義詞] original, archetype

　　provisionally (adj.) temporarily 臨時地

　　[例] I have provisionally booked Room W72 for Wednesday morning.

　　public sector nationalized industries國有企業(yè)

　　publication [ 7pQbli5keiFEn ] (n.) thing which has been published, such as a book, magazine出版，出版物

　　[例] The publication of this magazine proves the victory of the left-wing party.

　　publicity [ pQb5lisiti ] (n.) the process of attracting the attention of the general public to products or services宣傳推廣

　　[例] We need generous samples for the sake of publicity.

　　publics [ 5pQbliks ] (n.) group of people categorized for PR purposes公眾

　　[例] We believe this material will appeal to the general publics.

　　punctual [ 5pQNktjuEl ] (adj.) on time準(zhǔn)時的

　　[例] Be punctual or you will be embarrassed before the senior managers

　　.

　　purchase [ 5pE:tFEs ]1. (n.) something which has been bought購買

　　[例] It will be cheaper to make a quantity purchase.

　　2. (v.) buy購買

　　purchaser [ 5pE:tFEsE ] (n.) person who buys for a company采購員